MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS

• PURPOSE OF PROCESS IN MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS

  • MITOSIS: cell growth, repair and replacement of worn-out tissue, produces 2 identical daughter cells, and asexual reproduction
  • MEIOSIS: genetic variety, produces gametes, sexual reproduction
• NUMBER OF DAUGHTER CELLS PRODUCED

  • MITOSIS: 2 identical daughter cells
  • MEIOSIS: 4 unidentical daughter cells
• NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES IN PARENT CELL (HUMAN)

  • MITOSIS: 46 chromosomes
  • MEIOSIS: 46 chromosomes
• NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES IN ONE DAUGHTER CELL (HUMAN)

  • MITOSIS: 46 chromosomes
  • MEIOSIS: 23 chromosomes
• DAUGHTER CELLS DIPLOID (2n) OR HAPLOID (n)?

  • MITOSIS: diploid (2n)
  • MEIOSIS: haploid (n)
• DAUGHTER CELLS ARE GENETICALLY IDENTICAL TO PARENT CELL?

  • MITOSIS: yes
  • MEIOSIS: no
• DAUGHTER CELLS GENETICALLY IDENTICAL TO EACH OTHER?

  • MITOSIS: yes
  • MEIOSIS: no
• • MITOSIS: requires 1 nuclear division
  • MEIOSIS: requires 2 nuclear division
• • MITOSIS: chromosomes do not synapse (pairing of homologous chromosomes) nor cross over
  • MEIOSIS: chromosomes synapse and cross over
• • MITOSIS: occurs in all organisms except viruses
  • MEIOSIS: occurs only in animals, plants, and fungi
• • MITOSIS: creates all body cells
  • MEIOSIS: creates germ cells (egg and sperm) only
• • MITOSIS: preserve chromosome number
  • MEIOSIS: halves chromosome number
• • MITOSIS: produces 2 daughter nuclei
  • MEIOSIS: produces 4 daughter nuclei
• • MITOSIS: daughter cells are genetically identical
  • MEIOSIS: daughter cells are genetically different
• • MITOSIS: used for asexual reproduction and growth
  • MEIOSIS: used only for sexual reproduction
• Your body contains trillions of cells but you only came from a single egg cell fertilized by a single sperm cell to form a single-celled zygote.
• Cell divide and reproduce in two ways, mitosis and meiosis
• Mitosis results in 2 identical daughter cells, whereas Meiosis results in 4 sex cells
• Meiosis makes the cell needed for sexual reproduction (sperm cells and eggs) to occur
• Mitosis replicates non-sex cells (somatic/body cells) needed for growth and development.
• there is no nucleus in a prokaryotic cell, so they cannot undergo mitosis or meiosis
• prokaryotes replicate by binary fission instead of mitosis/meiosis because they don't have nucleus
• binary fission - bi (means 2) and fission (means split apart)