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GEN BIOLOGY 1
CELL CYCLE
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CELL DIVISION
GEN BIOLOGY 1 > CELL CYCLE
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CELL DIVISION ERROR
GEN BIOLOGY 1 > CELL CYCLE
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Cards (156)
Cells A and D show an early and late stage of the same phase of mitosis. What phase is it?
Prophase
Which cell is in metaphase?
Cell C
Which cell is in the first phase of mitosis?
Cell
D
-
early prophase
In Cell A, what structure is labeled X?
Centriole
Place the diagram in order
D
,
A
,
F
,
C
,
E
,
B
Are cells depicted animal or plant cell?
Animal cell
- due to the presence of
cleavage furrow
Interphase
- longest phase of the entire cell cycle
Cell cycle
- series of events cells go through as they grow and divide
Cell
grows
, prepares for
division
, then
divides
to form
2 daughter cells
- each of which then begins the cycle again
CELL CYCLE
A)
cytokinesis
B)
cell division
C)
nuclear division
D)
mitosis
E)
telophase
F)
anaphase
G)
metaphase
H)
prophase
I)
interphase
9
Interphase
—period of cell growth and development
DNA replication (copying) occurs during
Interphase
During
Interphase
the cell also grows, carries out normal cell activities, replicates all other
organelles
The cell spends most of its life cycle in
Interphase
Mitosis
– division of the nucleus into
2
nuclei, each with the
same
number of chromosomes
Mitosis occurs in all the
somatic
(
body
) cells
Why does mitosis occur?
So each new daughter cell has
nucleus
with a complete set of
chromosomes
CELL
A)
aster
B)
nuclear membrane
2
4 phases of nuclear division (mitosis), directed by the cell’s DNA (PMAT)
A)
prophase
B)
metaphase
C)
anaphase
D)
telophase
4
Prophase
- Chromosomes coil up
Prophase
- Nuclear envelope disappears
Prophase
- Spindle fibers form
Metaphase
- Chromosomes line up in middle of cell
Metaphase
- Spindle fibers connect to chromosomes
Anaphase
- Chromosome copies divide
Anaphase
- Spindle fibers pull chromosomes to opposite poles
Telophase
- Chromosomes uncoil
Telophase
- Nuclear envelopes form
Telophase
-
2
new nuclei are formed
Telophase
- Spindle fibers disappear
Cytokinesis
— the division of the rest of the cell (
cytoplasm
and
organelles
) after the nucleus divides
In animal cells the
cytoplasm
pinches
in
In plant cells a
cell plate
forms
After
mitosis
and
cytokinesis
, the cell returns to
Interphase
to continue to
grow
and perform regular cell
activities
ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS
A)
cleavage furrow
B)
vesicles forming cell plate
C)
wall of parent cell
D)
cell plate
E)
contractile ring of microfilaments
F)
new cell wall
G)
daughter cells
H)
cleavage
I)
cell plate
J)
SEM
K)
TEM
L)
daughter cells
12
SEM -
Scanning electron microscope
TEM -
Transmission electron microscope
When cells become old or damaged, they
die
and are replaced with
new
cells
CELL CYCLE SUMMARY
Interphase
-
Mitosis
(
PMAT
) -
Cytokinesis
INTERPHASE
CHROMOSOME APPEARANCE:
DNA
copies itself in
chromatin
IMPORTANT EVENTS: DNA
replication
, cell
grows
and replicates
organelles
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