science

• • Protons are positively charged subatomic particles which are found in the nucleus of an atom.
• Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit around the nucleus of an atom.
• Neutrons have no charge and are also located in the nucleus of an atom.
• The atomic number (Z) represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
• an atom is the smallest particle of an element that can exist and still be that element
• subatomic particle: the particles that makes up an atom
• metal carbonte + acid = salt + carbon dioxide + water
• neutral base + acid = salt + water
• meat + acid = salt + hydrogen
• independent variable: the variable that is manipulated by the researcher to see how it affects the dependent variable
• dependent variable: the variable that is measured in an experiment, such as the height of a plant
• controlled variable: a variable that is kept constant throughout the experiment, so that it can be manipulated to see how it affects the dependent variable
• What is an ion?

  an atom or a group of atoms with an electrical charge
• how are ions formed?

  ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons
• what is the highest amount of electrons an atom can have and still gain electrons?

  4
• the highest that can lose electrons?

  4
• in a practical, you need: quality controllers, a scribe to write down the data in the table, the time keepers, and someone who will calculate the average times/data
• how would you convert from m/s to km/h

  first convert them individually

  second divide the numbers

  multiply the result by the speed
• time= distance/speed
• distance=speed x time
• speed= distance/time
• and echo has to travel from your end to the other end and back meaning it has to travel twice, so remember when calculating the distance that the echo has travelled divide by 2
• the difference between acceleration and constant speed is that constant speed has a linear line on a graph whereas acceleration has a curve on the graph where it gradually gains momentum
• an allele is a different version of a gene that codes for a different amino acid
• the cervix is the opening of the uterus and is the site of childbirth
• a chromosome is a long coiled up DNA molecule that carries genetic information
• continuous variation is a type of variation that has a smooth transition from its first variation to the lastest.
• a diploid cell has two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent