Alkanes & Alkenes

• what are alkanes ?

  Hydrocarbons with single bonds
• what is the general formula of alkanes ?

  CnH2n+2
• what are the names of the first 5 alkanes ?

  Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane
• what is the molecular and structural formula of methane ?

  Molecular formula: CH4 Structural formula: CH4
• what is the molecular and structural formula of ethane ?

  Molecular formula: C2H6 Structural formula: CH3CH3
• what is the molecular and structural formula of propane ?

  Molecular formula: C3H8 Structural formula: CH3CH2CH3
• what is the molecular and structural formula of Butane ?

  Molecular formula: C4H10 Structural formula: CH3CH2CH2CH3
• what is the molecular and structural formula of Pentane ?

  Molecular formula: C5H12 Structural formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
• (alkanes) since there are only single bonds between carbon atoms this means the molecules are saturated
• rythm to remember the first 5 alkanes ?

  Many Elephants Prepare Bread Pudding
• Do alkanes normally combust completely or incompletely ?


  completely
• what 2 things reacts with alkanes in the presence of ultraviolet light ?

  Chlorine and bromine
• methane + bromine → bromethane + hydrogen bromide
• what are alkenes ?

  Hydrocarbons with double bonds
• are alkenes saturated or unsaturated since they have double bonds ?

  Unsaturated
• what are the first 3 alkenes ?

  Ethene, propene, butene
• what is the general formula for alkenes ?

  CnH2n
• what is the molecular and structural formula of ethene ?

  Molecular formula: C2H4 Structural formula: CH2CH2
• what is the molecular and structural formula of propene ?

  Molecular formula: C3H6 Structural formula: CH3CHCH2
• what is the molecular and structural formula of but-1-ene ?

  Molecular formula: C4H8 Structural formula: CH2CHCH2CH3
• what is the molecular and structural formula of but-2-ene ?

  Molecular formula: C4H8 Structural formula: CH3CHCHCH3
• what are the 2 different structures for butene ?

  isomers = but-1-ene and but-2-ene
• what is this the structural formula of (alkane)

  A) ethane

  
• what is this the structural formula of (alkane)

  A) pentane

  
• what is this the structural formula of (alkene)

  A) propene

  
• what is this the structural formula of (alkene)

  A) but-2-ene

  
• what is formed when halogens react with alkanes ?

  haloalkanes
• what is formed when halogens react with alkenes ?

  haloalkanes
• ethene + bromine → dibromoethane
• what happens if you shake an alkene with orange bromine water ?

  the solution becomes colourless
• what reaction is happening here

  A) reaction between ethene and bromine making dibromethane

  
• what reaction is happening here

  A) methane and bromine makes bromethane +hydrogen bromide

  
• what is the rhythme to remember ?

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