sociologists

• what does Bowker say?

  lack of standard English creates a huge barrier to UK education
• what does Crozier say?

  Pakistani and Bangladeshi parents reported lacking confidence in use of English to communicate successfully with the school as there were no translators
• what does Arnot say?

  media have created an anti-school role model for black pupils
• what does Moyniah say?

  lone mothers - lack of role model in Black Caribbean families
• what does Murray (new right) say?

  lack of role model - single parents are to blame
• what does Sewell say?

  lack of tough love or fatherly nurturing for black boys mean they join street gangs who are anti education
• what does driver and ballard say?

  asian families - positive attitudes to education
• what does price say?

  black caribbean culture - less resistant to racism than asian culture
• what does lupton say?

  adult authority in asian families, especially those from muslim backgrounds is similar to that in school
• what does basic say?

  indian and pakistani parents have a culture of promoting educational capital as a form of social mobility
• what does francis and archer say?

  high value is placed on education by indian parents, coupled with strong cultural tradition of respect for ones elders
• what does strand say?

  Indian students were most likely to complete homework five evenings a week.
• what does francis say?

  Regardless of SC, Chinese parents aim to support their children in education
• what does bagguley and hussain say?

  The option of Higher Education for Pakistani and Bangladeshi women is complicated by cultural pressures. Muslim students' study at local universities to placate parents in honour of Izzat.
• what does mulloch say?

  ethnic minority pupils are more likely to aspire to go to university the white british pupils
• what does Evan’s say?

  street culture in white WC areas can be brutal and so young people have to learn how to withstand intimidation and intimidate others
• Mulloch suggests that ethnic minority pupils are more likely to aspire to go to university than white British pupils.
• Evans describes street culture in white working-class areas as brutal and suggests that young people have to learn how to withstand intimidation and intimidate others.