OESTROGEN

• WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF HORMONES?

  AA derived or steroid
• AA DERIVED HORMONES?

  insulin, glucagon, adrenaline
• STEROID HORMONES?

  oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone, ADH

  -> lipid-soluble
• WHAT ARE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS?

  • begin transcription by switching the gene on
  • move from cytoplasm to nucleus
  • bind to promoter region
  • allowing RNA polymerase to bind to the gene
  • mRNA produced
  • translation occurs = protein produced (gene on)
• ROLE OF OESTROGEN ON GENE TRANSCRIPTION?

  1. Simple diffusion through phospholipid bilayer
  2. Binds with site on complementary receptor molecule of specific transcription factor in cytoplasm
  3. Causes conformational shape change of DNA binding site on transcription factor
  4. Activates transcription factor, can now bind to DNA
  5. Transcription factor with oestrogen attached enters nucleus via nuclear pore
  6. Bind to specific base sequences (promoter region) on DNA
  7. RNA polymerase binds to gene
  8. Stimulates transcription (=mRNA)
  9. Translation and protein made