Axillary artery

• What is the axillary artery?

  A major blood vessel supplying the upper limb
• Why is the axillary artery important?

  It is the main highway for blood to the arm
• What are the key anatomical terms related to the axillary artery?

  • Proximal: close to the shoulder
  • Anterior: front of the body
  • Medial: towards the middle of the body
• What are the branches of the thoracoacromial artery?

  • Pectoral branch
  • Clavicular branch
  • Acromial branch
  • Deltoid branch
• What is the name of the artery that branches off the anterior circumflex humeral artery?

  • Brachial artery
• What is the term for the direction from the back towards the front?

  Posterior or dorsal
• What is the term for the direction from the point of attachment towards the body?

  Proximal
• What is the term for the direction from the midline outwards?

  Lateral
• What are the anatomical regions of the body shown in the image?

  • Right
  • Left
  • Superior
  • Inferior
  • Proximal
  • Distal
• What are the main anatomical directions and their definitions?

  • Cranial: Towards the head
  • Caudal: Towards the feet
  • Posterior or dorsal: Towards the back
  • Anterior or ventral: Towards the front
  • Medial: Towards the midline
  • Lateral: Away from the midline
  • Proximal: Closer to the point of attachment
  • Distal: Further from the point of attachment
• What is the name of the artery that branches off the anterior circumflex humeral artery?

  Brachial artery
• What is the axillary artery compared to in terms of its course?

  A secret tunnel under your armpit
• What is the term for the direction from the head towards the feet?

  Caudal
• What does "proximal" mean in anatomical terms?

  Close to your shoulder
• Describe the course of the axillary artery.

  • Starts near the shoulder
  • Travels down towards the arm
  • Turns into the brachial artery near the elbow
• What is the name of the artery that branches off the posterior circumflex humeral artery?

  Subscapular artery
• What is the name of the artery that branches off the superior thoracic artery?

  • Thoracoacromial artery
• What is the name of the artery that branches off the superior thoracic artery?

  Thoracoacromial artery
• What are the branches of the thoracoacromial artery?

  Pectoral branch, clavicular branch, acromial branch, deltoid branch
• What anatomical location does the axillary artery travel towards?

  Your arm
• What does "anterior" refer to in anatomy?

  The front of your body
• What is the name of the artery that branches off the posterior circumflex humeral artery?

  • Subscapular artery
• Where does the axillary artery start?

  Near your shoulder
• Which muscle does the axillary artery pass behind?

  Pectoralis minor muscle
• What is the axillary artery vulnerable to?

  Injury due to its superficial location
• Which muscles are supplied by the lateral thoracic branch?

  Pectoral muscles
• What is the term for the direction from the point of attachment outwards?

  Distal
• Which region is supplied by the branches of the first section of the axillary artery?

  Upper chest, deltoid
• What is the name of the first rib shown in the image?

  1st rib
• What are the major branches of the first section of the axillary artery?

  Superior thoracic, Thoracoacromial
• What is the major branch of the second section of the axillary artery?

  Lateral thoracic
• What does the axillary artery become at the elbow?

  Brachial artery
• What are the key anatomical terms and their definitions shown in the image?

  • Cranial: Towards the head
  • Caudal: Towards the feet
  • Posterior or dorsal: Towards the back
  • Anterior or ventral: Towards the front
  • Medial: Towards the midline
  • Lateral: Away from the midline
  • Proximal: Closer to the point of attachment
  • Distal: Further from the point of attachment
• How many main sections does the axillary artery have?

  Three
• What are the serious complications of disrupted blood flow to the arm?

  Potential tissue damage and loss of function
• What are the major branches of the third section of the axillary artery?

  Subscapular, Anterior/Posterior circumflex, Brachial
• What is the course of the axillary artery?

  • Starts proximal to the shoulder at the subclavian artery border
  • Passes behind pectoralis minor muscle
  • Runs along the anterior and medial side of the arm
  • Continues down until the elbow, becoming the brachial artery
• What is the starting point of the axillary artery?

  At the subclavian artery border
• Where is the axillary artery located?

  In the axillary region (armpit)
• What are common injury points for the axillary artery?

  1. During shoulder dislocation or fracture
  2. In penetrating injuries
  3. From prolonged compression (e.g. using crutches incorrectly)