Newton’s second law of motion

• What does Newton's second law of motion state?

  Acceleration is proportional to resultant force and inversely proportional to the mass of an object
• How do you calculate the force required to accelerate an object?

  Force = mass × acceleration
• What is the relationship between force and acceleration?

  Greater force results in greater acceleration
• What happens if a resultant force is zero?

  Object's velocity remains the same
• How does mass affect acceleration according to Newton's second law?

  Increased mass results in decreased acceleration
• What is a typical speed of cars on a main road in the UK?

  13 m/s
• What is a typical speed of cars on a motorway?

  30 m/s
• What is a typical acceleration when moving from a main road to a motorway?

  2 m/s²
• What force is required for a typical family car to accelerate?

  2,000 Newtons
• What does inertia refer to in Newton's first law?

  Objects resist changes in their motion
• How is inertial mass defined?

  Ratio of force to acceleration
• What does a large inertial mass require?

  Larger force for the same acceleration
• What are the key concepts of Newton's second law of motion?

  • Acceleration is proportional to resultant force
  • Acceleration is inversely proportional to mass
  • Force = mass × acceleration
• What are typical speeds and forces in road transport?

  • Main road speed: 13 m/s
  • Motorway speed: 30 m/s
  • Typical acceleration: 2 m/s²
  • Force for family car: 2,000 Newtons
• What is inertia and its relation to Newton's first law?

  • Inertia: resistance to change in motion
  • Objects remain stationary or in motion unless acted upon
• What is inertial mass and its implications?

  • Inertial mass: force needed to accelerate / acceleration produced
  • Larger inertial mass requires larger force for acceleration