Prokaryotes

• The two kingdoms of bacteria are: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
• Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because?

  They lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
• Three types of Archaebacteria: Thermophiles, Methanogens, Halophiles
• What do Methanogens do?


  Produce methane gas
• What vitamins do the bacteria in humans intestines make?

  Vitamin K and B12
• Eubacteria respire aerobically and Archaebacteria can respire anaerobically
• Most bacteria live in?


  Moist environments
• Bacteria have a plasmid which is a small loop of DNA
• The capsule of bacteria is the outer cell wall
• What are the three shapes of bacteria?

  Cocci, bacilli, spirilli
• What are the three arrangements of bacteria cells?

  Staphlyo, strepto, diplo
• Streptococcus refers to what bacterial infection?

  Strep throat
• Sexual reproduction of bacterium is called conjugation
• A pilus/pili is used to transfer a the mobile plasmid of the donor bacteria to the recipient bacteria
• Asexual reproduction of bacterium is called binary fission
• An example of photosynthetic bacteria would be cyanobacteria
• What are probiotics?


  Helpful bacteria that live in the human digestive tract
• What do probiotics do?


  Stop disease from growing in guts, produce vital vitamins, aid in digestion process to break food down into smaller particles
• E.coli can mutate when infected
• Helpful bacteria live on and in humans

  Harmful bacteria cause sickness
• Botulism is harmful bacteria used in Botox treatment
• These naturally fight off/protect from bacterial infections

  -Human skin

  -Mucus

  -Killer T and Helper T

  -Enzymes/amino acids
• Antibiotics fight off bacterial infections by targeting and destroying their cell walls
• Antibiotics resistance occurs when bacterial cells are not affected by antibiotics
• An example of a protist that use a flagella for locomotion would be a euglena