Proteins

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Cards (52)

  • Proteins have carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen.
  • Proteins: most diverse structure & function.
  • Proteins account for more than 50% of the dry mass of most cells.
  • Protein functions are enzymatic proteins, structural support, storage transport, cellular communications, & defense against foreign substances.
  • Protein's monomer is Amino Acids.
  • Amino Acids: organic molecules with carboxyl and amino groups.
  • There are 20 amino acids and their properties differ due to different side chains.
  • There are an infinite possibilites of proteins.
  • Amino acid structure.
  • Proteins are linked by peptide bonds.
  • Polypeptides are a polymer of amino acids.
  • Polypeptides are a string of amino acids and not a protein, but they can become a protein.
  • Protein: biologically functional molecule that consists of one or more polypeptides.
  • Functional Proteins consist of one or more polypeptides that are twisted, folded, or coiled into a unique shape.
  • There are four levels of protein structure.
  • Primary Structure: unique sequence of amino acids bonded by peptide bonds.
  • Secondary Structure: 3-D folding of primary structure into coils and pleats held by hydrogen bonds.
  • Proteins are not functional at the primary and secondary structure.
  • Tertiary Structure: bent & folded into an arrangement of linked polypeptides (R group interactions).
  • Some proteins are functional in the tertiary structure like enzymes.
  • Quaternary Structure: when a protein consists of multiple polypeptide chains.
  • Structure matters.
  • Hemoglobin: a globular protein consisting of four polypeptides, two alpha and two beta chains.
  • Slight change in primary structure can affect a protein's structure and ability to function responsibly for building & breaking things.