Features of organisms

• Arthropods consist of insects, arachnids, myriapods, and crustacea
• All arthorpods have jointed limbs, segmented bodies, a hard, firm external exoskeleton called a cuticle and flexible joints
• Features of an insect consist of:

  • three pairs of legs
  • body divided into head, abdomen and thorax
  • one pair of antenna
  • one pair of compound eyes
  • usually have two pairs of wings
• Features of all arachnids:

  • four pairs of limbs
  • body divided into cephalothorax and abdomen
  • has many simple eyes
  • no antenna
  • pair of pedipalps for biting and poisoning prey
• features of crustacea:

  • five or more pairs of limbs
  • body divided into cephalothorax and abdomen
  • two pairs of antenna
  • one pair of compound eyes
  • exoskeleton often forms a hard covering over most of the body
• features of myriapods:

  • ten or more pairs of legs
  • body divided into many segments
  • one pair of antenna
  • simple eyes
• There are five kingdoms:

  • Animal kingdom
  • Plant kingdom
  • Fungi Kingdom
  • Prokaryote Kingdom
  • Protoctist Kingdom
• Animal kingdom consist of Mammals, Amphibians, Reptiles, fish and birds
• Features of Fish:

  • They have scales for body covering
  • Fins
  • They produce jelly-covered eggs in water
  • Cold-blooded and gills for breathing
• Features of amphibians:

  • They have moist skin
  • Four limbs, back feet are often webbed to make swimming more efficient
  • Produce jelly-covered eggs in water
  • Cold-blooded, lungs and skin for breathing
• Features of reptiles:

  • Body covered in dry scales
  • Four legs
  • Produce eggs with a rubbery, water-proof shell on land
  • cold-blooded lungs for breathing
• Features of birds:

  • they have a pair of limbs and a pair of legs
  • body covered in feathers
  • produce eggs with hard shells on land
  • Warm-blooded, lungs for breathing
• Features of Mammals:

  • they have limbs
  • body covered in fur
  • Produce live young
  • They have pinna and different types of teeth
  • Warm-blooded, lungs for breathing
  • Females have mammary glands to provide milk to feed young
• Plant kingdom consist of Non-flowering plants and Flowering plants
• Features of flowering plants:

  • reproduce with seeds
  • stem are above the ground
• Features of non-flowering plants:

  • reproduce by dispersing spores made on lower side of leaf
  • stem are usually underground
• Features of monocots:

  • they have parallel veins
  • narrow leaves
  • one cotyledon
  • petals are in groups of threes

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• Features of Dicots:

  • They have branching veins
  • Broad leaves
  • two cotyledon
  • Petals are in groups of fives

  
• Features of fungi:

  • They dont have mitochondria
  • They have cell wall but they are not made of cellulose
• Features of Protoctist:

  • Single celled
  • Chromosomes are enclosed in a nuclear membrane
• Features of Prokaryote:

  • Their chromosomes are not enclosed inside a nuclear membrane
• Viruses are not considered as living things as they do not respire grow, feed, or excrete
• Features of viruses:

  • They have a protein coat
  • A central core of RNA or DNA
  • Have no nucleus, cytoplasm, cell organelles or cell membrane
• Why are Viruses not considered as living things

  As they dont respire, grow, feed or excrete
• How are Protoctists different from Prokaroytes

  As their chromosomes are not enclosed in a nuclear membrane