Classification of Species

• What is the purpose of classification in biology?

  To organize organisms into groups based on similarities
• What defines a species?

  A group of organisms that can breed fertile offspring
• How does classification help scientists?

  It allows them to identify new species
• What is one benefit of classification for evolutionary studies?

  It helps study evolutionary relationships
• How does classification facilitate global research?

  It allows sharing research globally to identify links
• What is the hierarchical system in classification?

  A system that organizes from general to specific
• How many major taxonomic ranks are there?

  Seven major taxonomic ranks
• What is the first rank in the taxonomic hierarchy?

  Kingdom
• What is the last rank in the taxonomic hierarchy?

  Species
• What do broader taxonomic groups contain?

  More species
• What are the three domains of life?

  Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
• What type of organisms are found in the domain Eukarya?

  All eukaryotes
• Which kingdom is included in the domain Eukarya?

  Plantae
• What is the binomial naming system used for?

  To give each species a two-part Latin name
• How is a binomial name formatted?

  Italicized when typed, underlined when written
• What is the first part of a binomial name?

  The genus
• What is the second part of a binomial name?

  The species
• What is the binomial name for humans?

  Homo sapiens
• What are the five kingdoms in the five kingdom system?

  • Plantae
  • Animalia
  • Prokaryotae
  • Protoctista
  • Fungi
• What are the characteristics of the five kingdoms?

  • Plantae: Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic
  • Animalia: Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic
  • Prokaryotae: Prokaryotic, unicellular
  • Protoctista: Eukaryotic, unicellular or simple multicellular
  • Fungi: Eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, saprophytic
• What is the significance of the three domain system?

  It reflects new molecular and genetic data
• How many kingdoms does the three domain system propose?

  Six kingdoms
• What kingdoms are included in the domain Bacteria?

  Eubacteria
• What type of organisms are found in the domain Archaea?

  Prokaryotic unicellular organisms
• What is a unique feature of the kingdom Eubacteria?

  Distinct cell membrane lipids
• What distinguishes Archaebacteria from Eubacteria?

  No peptidoglycan in their cell walls
• What is a characteristic of the domain Eukarya?

  All have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles