Unit 1 Struct Funct Livin

• Glucose, unlike starch can go diffuse through the semi-permeable membrane so that it can enter and exit the cell when going down the concentration gradient.
• Which graph shows how pH affects the rate of enzyme activity?

  (Yellow/Green)

  A) Green

  
• Carbohydrates is AKA sugar. The elements present are CHO. The monomer is glucose AKA simple sugars. The polymers are (order of plants storing energy, then energy for body) starch & glycogen. Carbohydrates are a short term energy source, and provide cellular support as cell walls.

  Carbohydrates tend to end in OSE, but note that chitin is also a carbohydrate.
• Lipids is AKA fat. The elements are CHO. The monomer (building block) is glycerol and 3 fatty acids. The polymer is lipid. It's responsible for long term energy storage. The lipids compose the cell membrane structure; they coordinate what enters and exits the cell. Unlike the other biomolecules, lipids are hydrophobic; they won't dissolve in water.

  The food test is Ethanol + shake = cloudy.

  
• Protein composes muscle, hair collagen and enzymes. The elements present are CHON. It's monomer is amino acids. The polymer is protein. Proteins control chemical reactions, and don't store energy.

  The food test is Biuret's reagent (40% NaOH + 1% CuSo4) = violet purple.

  
• The food test for glucose is Benedict's solution + heat = brick red.
• The food test for starch or glycogen is Iodine Solution = blue / black