Topic 2: Organisation

• What is amylase?

  An enzyme that breaks carbohydrates down
• Where is amylase produced?

  In the salivary glands and pancreas
• What does the aorta do?

  Takes oxygenated blood away from the heart
• What is an artery?

  A blood vessel carrying blood at high pressure
• What is a benign tumour?

  An abnormal cell growth contained in one area
• What is the function of bile?

  Neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats
• What is blood composed of?

  Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma
• What causes cancer?

  Changes in cells leading to uncontrolled growth
• What is a cell?

  The basic building block of all living organisms
• What is a capillary?

  A very thin blood vessel for substance exchange
• What is a communicable disease?

  A disease that can be spread between individuals
• What is coronary heart disease caused by?

  Buildup of fatty deposits in coronary artery
• What are enzymes?

  Biological catalysts that increase reaction rates
• What is health defined as?

  The state of physical and mental wellbeing
• What is the function of the heart?

  Pumps blood around the body
• What does lipase do?

  Breaks lipids down into fatty acids and glycerol
• What is the lock and key hypothesis?

  Substrates must fit the enzyme's active site
• What is a malignant tumour?

  A cancerous growth that invades tissues
• What is meristem tissue?

  Plant tissue containing undifferentiated stem cells
• What is metabolism?

  All chemical reactions occurring in an organism
• What is a non-communicable disease?

  A disease that cannot be spread between individuals
• What are organs?

  Aggregations of tissues performing specific functions
• What are organ systems?

  Groups of organs working together to form organisms
• What is palisade mesophyll?

  A tissue specialized for photosynthesis in leaves
• What is phloem?

  A transport tissue for sugars in plants
• What does protease do?

  Breaks proteins down into amino acids
• What does the pulmonary artery do?

  Takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• What does the pulmonary vein do?

  Takes oxygenated blood back to the heart
• What is the rate of reaction?

  The speed at which reactants become products
• What is a risk factor?

  Something that increases disease development risk
• What is spongy mesophyll?

  A tissue specialized for gas exchange in leaves
• What are statins used for?

  To reduce blood cholesterol levels
• What is a stent?

  A tube implanted to keep blood vessels open
• What is tissue?

  A group of cells with similar structure and function
• What is translocation in plants?

  The movement of food molecules through phloem
• What is transpiration?

  The process of water evaporating from a plant
• What is a vein?

  A blood vessel carrying blood at low pressure
• What does the vena cava do?

  Takes deoxygenated blood back to the heart
• What is xylem?

  A transport tissue for water and minerals
• What makes up all living things?

  Cells