Vibrio cholerae

• What is the Gram stain result for Vibrio Cholerae?

  Gram -ve
• Is Vibrio Cholerae oxidase positive or negative?

  Oxidase +ve
• What is the indole test result for Vibrio Cholerae?

  Indole +ve
• Does Vibrio Cholerae have a capsule?

  No capsule
• What sugars can Vibrio Cholerae ferment?

  Mannose & Sucrose +ve
• What is the shape of Vibrio Cholerae?

  Comma-shaped
• What type of anaerobe is Vibrio Cholerae?

  Facultative Anaerobe
• How is Vibrio Cholerae motile?

  Motile - monotrichous flagellum
• In what type of media does Vibrio Cholerae grow?

  Grows in Alkaline Media
• What does Vibrio Cholerae require for infection?

  Requires Large Infectious Dose
• What is the reservoir for Vibrio Cholerae?

  Contaminated Food or Water
• What are the virulence factors of Vibrio Cholerae?

  • Polar Flagella:
  • Enables adhesion to cell surfaces
  • Invasion of host target
  • Cholera Toxin (Choleragen):
  • Increases cAMP levels
  • Leads to “rice-water diarrhoea”
• How is Vibrio Cholerae transmitted?

  Faecal-Oral Route
• What is the role of cholera toxin in Vibrio Cholerae infection?

  Increases cAMP levels, causing water secretion
• What clinical manifestation is associated with cholera?

  Profuse Diarrhoea (“rice water stool”)
• What are the symptoms of cholera?

  Moderate Diarrhoea, Low Grade Fever, Vomiting
• What specimens are used for microbiological diagnosis of cholera?

  • Faeces
  • Food
  • Water
  • Vomiting Materials
  • Infective Tissue
• What microscopy technique is used for Vibrio Cholerae diagnosis?

  Gram Staining
• What culture medium is used for Vibrio Cholerae?

  Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile Salts-Sucrose (TCBS) Agar
• What is the purpose of sodium thiosulfate and sodium citrate in TCBS Agar?

  To inhibit the growth of other bacteria
• What are the treatment options for cholera?

  • Fluid-Replacement: IV Glucose + Electrolytes
  • Antibiotics:
  • Doxycycline
  • Azithromycin
  • Tetracycline
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Cotrimoxazole
• What is the prevention method for cholera?

  Killed Vaccine