CSF ANALYSIS (Cerebrospinal fluid)

• it is a clear, colorless watery fluid that flows in and around the brain and spinal

  CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
• Production of CSF :

  produced mainly by the

  choroid plexus epithelium and ependymal cells of ventricles
• Production of CSF :

  * produced mainly by the choroid plexus epithelium and ependymal cells of ventricles.

  *Through filtration (under _ ) across the _?

  hydrostatic pressure

  choroidal capillary wall
• ? transport secretion by the choroidal epithelial cell

  Active
• A network of blood vessels in each ventricle of the brain.

  Choroid plexus
• special epithelial tissue,that Lines the ventricles and central canal.

  ependymal cell
• An automatic process that does not require energy, particles move in or outside the cell, it is from a high to low concentration.

  Passive transport
• Particles move from an area of low to higher concentration, it has a concentration radiant, energy is required like protein pump to assist particle movement.

  Active transport
• Brain and spinal cord is lined by what? (thin tissue)

  meninges
• next to the bone; outermost layer

  Dura mater
• spider web-like

  Arachnoid mater or Arachnoidea
• is where CSF flows

  Subarachnoid space
• adheres to the surface of neural tissues, innermost layer

  Pia mater
• -specific part of the brain that produces CSF

  Choroid plexus
• How many CSF produced per hour?

  Approximately 20ml
• reabsorbs CSF

  Arachnoid villi
• CSF undergoes selective filtration in _ particularly in the _ ventricles

  choroid plexuses

  1st to 4th
• CSF Production rate:

  20 ml/hr
• CSF Normal value: adult-

  90-150 ml
• CSF normal value in children-

  10-60 ml
• CSF pH:

  7.3-7.5
• CSF Specific gravity:

  1.006-1.008
• Made of endothelial cells that are tight fitting

  BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER
• Located in the choroid plexus that prevent passage of many molecules

  BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER
• 15 - 45 mg/dL

  Protein
• 50 - 80 mg/dL

  Glucose
• 6.0 - 16 mg/dL

  Urea
• 0.5 - 3.0 mg/dL

  Uric acid
• 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL

  Creatinine
• Cholesterol

  0.2 - 0.6 mg/dL
• 10 – 35 μg/dL

  Ammonia
• higher in CSF than plasma

  Electrolytes, Sodium, Chloride, Magnesium
• lower in plasma

  Potassium and Calcium
• Done usually between 3rd, 4th, or 5th lumbar vertebrae

  Lumbar/spinal tap
• CSF taken directly from ventricles of brain

  Ventricular puncture
• infants with open fontanels

  Ventricular puncture
• Collection (3 sterile tubes) DO NOT USE GLASS TUBES (least likely to contain cells introduced by

  Ventricular puncture
• sub-occipital region

  Cisternal puncture
• patient should position after procedure

  supine
• 1st tube

  chemical or serologic tests