chem 4

    Cards (109)

    • What do metals react with to form metal oxides?
      Oxygen
    • Why are these reactions called oxidation reactions?
      Because metals gain oxygen
    • What does reduction involve in terms of oxygen?
      Loss of oxygen
    • What does oxidation involve in terms of oxygen?
      Gain of oxygen
    • What do metal atoms form when they react with other substances?
      Positive ions
    • How is the reactivity of a metal related to its ions?
      It relates to forming positive ions
    • What is the order of reactivity for the metals listed?
      • Potassium
      • Sodium
      • Lithium
      • Calcium
      • Magnesium
      • Zinc
      • Iron
      • Copper
    • How does potassium react with water?
      Violently
    • How does sodium react with water?
      Very quick
    • How does lithium react with water?
      Quick
    • How does calcium react with water?
      More slow
    • How does calcium react with dilute acid?
      Very quick
    • How does magnesium react with dilute acid?
      Quick
    • How does zinc react with dilute acid?
      Fairly slow
    • How does iron react with dilute acid?
      More slow
    • How does copper react with dilute acid?
      Very slow
    • Which non-metals are often included in the reactivity series?
      Hydrogen and carbon
    • What can a more reactive metal do to a less reactive metal?
      Displace it from a compound
    • Why is gold found as the metal itself?
      It is very unreactive
    • How are most metals found in the Earth?
      As compounds
    • What do acids produce when they react with some metals?
      A salt and hydrogen
    • How can metals less reactive than carbon be extracted?
      By reduction with carbon
    • What type of reactions occur when acids react with metals?
      Redox reactions
    • What does reduction involve in terms of oxygen?
      Loss of oxygen
    • How can you identify which substances are oxidized and reduced in a reaction?
      By looking at electrons gained and lost
    • What does OIL RIG stand for in redox reactions?
      Oxidation is loss, reduction is gain
    • What does OIL RIG stand for?
      Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain
    • What is the ionic equation for magnesium reacting with hydrochloric acid?
      Mg -> Mg2+^{2+} + 2e^{-}
    • What happens to magnesium in the reaction with hydrochloric acid?
      Magnesium is oxidized
    • What happens to sodium when it is oxidised?
      It loses an electron
    • What is the ionic equation for oxidised sodium?
      Na -> Na+ + e-
    • What is the ionic equation for hydrogen in the reaction with hydrochloric acid?
      2H+^{+} + 2e^{-} -> H2_{2}
    • What does it mean when magnesium is oxidized and hydrogen is reduced in the same reaction?
      It indicates a redox reaction
    • What do acids react with to produce salts and water?
      Alkalis and bases
    • What happens to sodium +1 ion when it is reduced?
      It gains an electron
    • What is the general equation for the neutralization of acids by alkalis?
      Acid + alkali -> salt + water
    • What is the ionic equation for reduced sodium?
      Na+ + e- -> Na
    • What do acids produce when they react with metal carbonates?
      Salts, water, and carbon dioxide
    • What is the general equation for the reaction of acids with metal carbonates?
      Acid + metal carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide
    • What should the charges on each side of an ionic equation do?
      Add up to the same number
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