B1 Cell Structure

• What are two types of eukaryotic cells?

  animal and plant
• What type of cell are bacteria?

  prokaryotic
• Where is DNA found in animal and plant cells?

  in the nucleus
• Cell membrane function?

  control movement of substances in and out of the cell
• Mitochondria function?

  where respiration takes place. provides energy (in the form of ATP) for the cell to use in chemical reactions.
• Chloroplasts function?

  contain chlorophyll to absorb light energy for photosynthesis. site of photosynthesis, making glucose for the cell.
• Ribosomes function?

  where proteins are made
• Cell wall function?

  strengthens and supports the cell
• What is the structure of the main genetic material in a prokaryotic cell?

  single loop of DNA
• Two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  prokaryotic cells are tiny compared to eukaryotic AND don't have a true nucleus
• Nucleus function?

  Contains DNA. Controls function of cell.
• Cytoplasm function?

  Where most chemical reactions take place. Jelly like substance that fills the cell.
• Permanent vacuole function?

  Contains cell sap. Supports the cells, maintaining its shape (turgidity)
• Chromosomes

  Coiled up lengths of DNA which carry genes
• Where are chromosomes found?

  In the nucleus
• What is a cell?


  Smallest unit of life that can live on its own. All living organisms and tissues are made of cells.
• Which organelle is indicated by X?

  Ribosome

  
• Which organelle is indicated?

  Mitochondria

  
• Which organelle is indicated by X?

  Cell membrane

  
• Name 3 sub cellular structures (organelles) found in plant cells but NOT animal cells: Chloroplasts, Cell wall, Vacuole

  A) cell wall

  B) permanent vacuole

  C) chloroplast

  
• In plants what is the cell wall made of?

  Cellulose
• Which organelle is indicated in the picture?

  Permanent vacuole

  A) permanent vacuole

  
• What does the permanent vacuole contain?

  Cell sap (which is a solution of sugars, salts and amino acids)
• What is chlorophyll?


  A green pigment found in plants that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis. Makes plants green.
• Why are plants which grow in shady areas darker green than those which grow in sunny areas?

  Darker green plants have more chlorophyll. Plants in shady places are darker green as they have more chlorophyll because there is less light so more chlorophyll is needed to absorb the same amount of light.