Lifecycle of Stars

Cards (24)

  • What is the life cycle of a star?
    1. Formation from a nebula
    2. Protostar stage
    3. Nuclear fusion begins
    4. Star reaches equilibrium
    5. Energy release from fusion
  • What are the forces acting within a star and their effects?
    • Gravity: Acts inwards, causing collapse
    • Fusion energy: Acts outwards, causing expansion
    • Equilibrium: Balance between these forces
  • What do scientists call a cloud of dust and gas where stars begin their life?
    Nebula
  • What causes a cloud of dust and gas to collapse into a star?
    Gravity
  • What happens to the temperature as particles in a collapsing nebula move faster?
    The temperature rises to millions of degrees Celsius
  • What is the early stage of a star called?
    Protostar
  • What process occurs when hydrogen nuclei join together to form helium nuclei?
    Nuclear fusion
  • What type of star is formed when nuclear fusion occurs?
    Main sequence star
  • What does nuclear fusion release that is significant for stars?
    A huge amount of energy
  • What happens when the hydrogen in a star begins to run out?
    The star collapses inwards
  • What occurs as a result of the star collapsing inwards?
    The temperature increases
  • What do helium nuclei fuse together to create?
    Heavier elements
  • What does a star become after it expands into a red giant?
    A white dwarf
  • What happens to a white dwarf over time?
    It gradually cools down
  • What is the final stage of a white dwarf's lifecycle?
    Black dwarf
  • What happens to stars much bigger than the Sun after they run out of hydrogen?
    They expand into red supergiants
  • What do helium nuclei fuse together to produce in red supergiants?
    Heavier elements
  • What is the maximum element that nuclear fusion can produce?
    Iron
  • What is the name of the explosion that occurs when a red supergiant stops nuclear fusion?
    Supernova
  • What is produced during a supernova that is significant for the universe?
    Elements heavier than iron
  • What happens to the elements produced in a supernova?
    They are distributed throughout the universe
  • What can the remains of a star form after a supernova?
    Neutron star or black hole
  • What is a neutron star composed of?
    Densely packed neutrons
  • What is a black hole characterized by?
    Large gravity that light cannot escape