Transformers

• What is the purpose of transformers in electricity supply?

  To change the potential difference
• What is a step-up transformer?

  A transformer that increases potential difference
• What is a step-down transformer?

  A transformer that decreases potential difference
• What are the main components of a transformer?

  • Primary coil
  • Secondary coil
  • Iron core
• Why are the coils in a transformer separate?

  To provide electrical isolation in order to prevent direct electrical current transfer
• What material is used for the core of a transformer and why?

  Iron, because it's easily magnetized
• What type of current is required for transformers to work?

  Alternating current
• Why do transformers only work with alternating current?

  Because a changing magnetic field is needed
• What happens to the potential difference if the primary and secondary coils have the same number of turns?

  They will have the same potential difference
• What does it mean if a transformer is 100% efficient?

  No energy is wasted in the transformer
• In a step-up transformer, what is true about the number of turns?

  More turns in the secondary coil than primary
• If a transformer has twice the number of turns in the secondary coil, what happens to the potential difference?

  It will be twice the primary potential difference
• In a step-down transformer, what is true about the number of turns?

  Fewer turns in the secondary coil than primary
• If the secondary coil has half the number of turns as the primary coil, what happens to the potential difference?

  It will be half the primary potential difference