microscopy

• What is the main function of microscopes?

  To magnify images of specimens
• What did early microscopes look like?

  They looked much simpler than modern ones
• What have light microscopes allowed scientists to discover?

  Structures inside cells, like the nucleus
• What is a limitation of light microscopes regarding magnification?

  They have limited magnification power
• What is a limitation of light microscopes regarding resolution?

  They produce blurred images at high magnification
• Why was the electron microscope invented?

  To explore structures inside cells in detail
• What are the key advantages of electron microscopes?

  Greater magnification and resolution
• What can be seen in the nucleus using an electron microscope?

  Details that are not visible with light microscopes
• How do you calculate magnification?

  Magnification = size of image / size of real object
• What is the real size of the mitochondrion if the image size is 30 mm and the real size is 0.3 mm?

  10,000 times
• How do you find the size of the real object using magnification?

  Size of real object = size of image / magnification
• What is the magnification if the size of the image is 87 mm and the magnification is 2,000 times?

  0.435 mm
• What are the main differences between light and electron microscopes?

  • Light microscopes use light to view specimens.
  • Electron microscopes use electrons for higher magnification.
  • Electron microscopes have better resolution.
  • Light microscopes are limited in detail visibility.
• What steps should you follow to calculate magnification?

  1. Measure the size of the image.
  2. Know the size of the real object.
  3. Use the formula: Magnification = size of image / size of real object.
• What types of questions can you expect in the exam regarding microscopes?

  • Describing advantages of electron microscopes.
  • Calculating magnification from given measurements.
  • Determining real sizes from magnification.