A01

• What is operant conditioning - Learning behaviours from consequences
• What does reinforcement do - It increases the likelihood of a behaviour being repeated
• What does punishment do - decreases the liklihood of the behaviour being repeated
• What are the two types of reinforcements - Positive and negative
• When does positive reinforcement occur - When a behaviour is carried out to receive a reward
• When does negative reinforcement occur - When a behaviour is carried out to avoid receiving a negative concequence
• What was Skinner's theory called - Skinners Box
• What did he demonstrate - the mechanisms of negative and postive reinforcement
• When did he use a positive reinforcement - When the rat would press the lever for food pellets
• When did he use a negative reinforcement - When the rat would press the lever to avoid a negative consequence
• How is biology involved?

  • Involved on what the animal learns due to its physical, perceptual or motor capabilities
  • Their capacity of learning
  • How things are learned and how behaviours are expressed
  • When things are learned (sensitive periods)
• What does equipotentiality mean?

  Any response that can be operantly conditioned in any stiumlated situation
• What does instinctive drift mean?

  The tendancy of some animals to revert back to their instinctive behaviour
• What does prepardeness mean?

  What we learn is limited to our biology and predispositions
• What does behaviourism downplay?

  The role of cognitive factors and intelligence in learning