A01

• Why is improving the accuracy of eyewitness testimony (EWT) important?

  Memory can be influenced by various factors
• What factors can influence eyewitness memory?

  Stress, misleading information, and schemas
• Who introduced the Cognitive Interview (CI)?

  Fisher and Geiselman
• What is the purpose of the Cognitive Interview (CI)?

  • Enhance accuracy of eyewitness recall
  • Based on psychological principles of memory retrieval
• What are the four key techniques of the Cognitive Interview?

  Context reinstatement, report everything, changed perspective, reverse order
• What is context reinstatement in the Cognitive Interview?

  • Mentally recreate the physical and emotional context
  • Related to context-dependent forgetting
• What does the Encoding Specificity Principle suggest?

  Memory is improved when recall occurs in a similar context.

  a cue must be present at encoding and at retrieval forit it aid memory.
• Why are witnesses asked to report everything during the CI?

  Small details may cue significant information
• What is the purpose of recalling from a changed perspective?

  Reduces influence of schemas and biases
• How does recalling in reverse order help eyewitness testimony?

  Disrupts expectations and reduces assumptions
• What did Geiselman et al. (1985) find about the CI?

  CI produced more accurate and detailed accounts
• What are the limitations of the Cognitive Interview?

  Time-consuming and requires trained interviewers