Indigenizing Social Sciences

• The social sciences' indigenization focuses on studying ethnicity, society, culture, and their application to historical, anthropological, and psychological research and practices through indigenous knowledge, rooted in the Filipinos ethnic heritage and consciousness.
• Indigenous Social Sciences was introduced to overhaul the Western introduced academic disciplines in the Philippines' educational settings.
• Three (3) important programmatic narratives and movements emerged from psychology, anthropology. and history: Sikolohiyang Pilipino, Pilipinolohiya, and Panrayong Pananaw.
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino, Pilipinolohiya, and Panrayong Pananaw. These narratives are part of a single discursive formation that focuses on common principles emphasizing self-determination (pagsasaril) and the charting of an autonomous path toward nation or peoplehood (pagtahaking sariling landas tungo sa kabansaan).
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino, Pilipinolohiya, and Pantayong Pananaw These serve as the first organized, comprehensive, and programmatic challenge to the long-standing colonial theorizing hegemony in the social science disciplines that began In the late 1970s.
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino studies the development of indigenous Filipino psychology.
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino was developed as a response to Filipino psychology's colonial background and the Great Cultural Divide in developing the Philippine psychological thoughts.
• Virgilio Enriquez, who pioneered the movement and is known as the "Father of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, initiated this new consciousness and opened the door of developing a systematic way of studying, thinking, and feeling from the Filipino orientation and perspective.
• According to Virgilio Enriquez, Sikolohiyang Pilipino introduced a movement that focuses on the following topics:

  1. Identity and national consciousness, especially looking at the social sciences as the study of humans and their consciousness and meaning (diwa), or the indigenization of conception and definition of the psyche as a focus of social psychological research
• According to Virgilio Enriquez, Sikolohiyang Pilipino introduced a movement that focuses on the following topics:

  2. Social awareness and involvement as dictated by an objective analysis of social issues and problems
• According to Virgilio Enriquez, Sikolohiyang Pilipino introduced a movement that focuses on the following topics:

  3. National and ethnic cultures and languages, including the study of traditional psychology called kinagisnang sikolohiya by Zeus Salazar
• According to Virgilio Enriquez, Sikolohiyang Pilipino introduced a movement that focuses on the following topics:

  4. Bases and application of indigenous psychology in health practice, agriculture, art, mass media, religion, and others, including the psychology of behavior and human abilities as discussed in Western psychology and made applicable in the Philippine context.
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino has three (3) major areas of protest against the colonial background of Filipino psychology: As a sikolohiyang malaya or liberated psychology, Sikolohiyang Pilipino contradicts psychology that perpetuates the Filipino mind's colonial status. of developed countries' industrialized
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino has three (3) major areas of protest against the colonial background of Filipino psychology:

  The movement opposes the importation and imposition psychology into the third world. Sikolohiyang Pilipino reconceptualized this aspect into sikolohiyang pangkabuhayan or economic/livelihood psychology
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino has three (3) major areas of protest against the colonial background of Filipino psychology:

  Development of a sikolohiyang mapagpalaya as an opposition to the use of psychology to exploit the masses. This new consciousness on Philippine psychology emerged by using local languages as a tool for the "identification and rediscovery of indigenous concepts.
• The movement of Sikolohiyang Pilipino believes that the Filipino language is the most appropriate medium or language for the expression of Philippine realities and the development of scientific literature that embodies Filipino people's psychology.
• . According to Enriquez, Filipinos have the word "kapws" where the "other" is not only experienced on the outside but also the inside.
• Kapwa is a core concept of Sikolohiyang Pilipino that emphasizes the unity of the self with others.
• Kapwa recognizes a shared identity. It arises from the awareness of a shared identity with others.
• Pakikipagkapwa has a more profound and deeper meaning. It means "accepting and dealing with other persons as equal."
• The use of indigenous language can lead to identifying an underlying precondition to the existence of surface values. This is the concept and value of pakiramdam (share the inner perception, feeling for another).
• A person without pakiramdam cannot have pakikisama and utang na loob Enriquez identified eight ( levels of human interaction based on pakikipagkapwa.
• These concepts (of pakikipagkapwa) serve as the basis of interrelatedness in the foundation of human interaction. The eight ( levels range from relatively uninvolved civility (pakikitungo) to total empathy (pakikisa).
• Pakikitungo

  Transaction or civility with
• Pakikisalamuha

  Interaction with
• Pakikilahok

  Joining or participating
• Pakikibagay

  In conformity with or in accord with
• Pakikisama

  Being along with
• Pakikipagpalagayan/ Pakikipagpalagayang-loob

  Being in rapport or understanding or acceptance with
• Pakikisangkot

  Getting involved with
• Pakikiisa

  Being one with
• Some of Sikolohiyang Pilipino critics focus on its theoretical problems because it failed to clearly explain its methodological bases of Filipino psychology.
• Another critic of the Sikolohiyang Pilipino narrative is its obsession with merely being reactive to the Western psychological constructs and discourse. Because of this pitfall, Sikolohiyang Pilipino failed to apply in the Filipino case.
• Critics argue that instead of merely repudiating Western psychology, Sikolohiyang Pilipino must develop theories to understand Filipino psychology.
• Prospero Covar developed Pilipinolohiya from the Anthropology Department and Zeus Salazar from the History Department of the University of the Philippines.
• Pilipinolohiya is derived from two (2) words, "Pilipino" and "lohiya." Lohiya is derived from the Latin word "logos," which means systematic study.
• Simultaneously, Pilipino refers to the Philippines' citizens or those who belong to the Filipino race (or referring by Filipino or referring to the Filipino's national language before Filipino replaced it).
• Pilipinolohiya is defined as the "study of the world of Filipinos, of being Filipinos, and the different waysof being Filipino
• According to Covar. Pilipinolohiya is the systematic study of the Filipino psyche, Filipino culture, and Filipino society using the terms and categories of thought of culture. He includes languages and different arts, music, visual arts, sculptures, dances, architecture, drama, literature, film, philosophy, and religion.
• The proponents of Pilipinolohiya believe that without the knowledge and actual use of the language. it is not possible to have a complete understanding of culture