Visual Perception

• The principle of similarity states that objects that are similar in shape, size, color, or orientation are perceived as a group.
• Cones are responsible for color vision and have three types (red, green, blue) that overlap to create all colors.
• The fovea is the area with the highest concentration of cones, providing high visual acuity.
• Depth perception allows us to perceive the distance and three-dimensional structure of objects in our environment.
• The principle of closure is when we perceive complete figures even if some parts are missing.
• The principle of continuation suggests that the eye will follow an uninterrupted line to its end point.
• The principle of proximity refers to how close things are together.
• There are two main types of color blindness: red-green deficiency and blue-yellow deficiency.
• ART: Formal expression of a conceived image or imagined conception in terms of a given medium.
• FORM: Visual results of the aesthetic decision making process: the interaction between subject matter, tool, technique, medium, ground, and visual and organizational components of art, and their resulting visual effects.
• MEDIUM: Material and tool used by the artist to create a visual element perceived by a viewer.
• Two dimensional form: Formal expression of a conceived image or imagined conception in terms of a given medium.
• Three dimensional form: Visual results of the aesthetic decision making process: the interaction between subject matter, tool, technique, medium, ground, and visual and organizational components of art, and their resulting visual effects.
• Length and width: Formal expression of a conceived image or imagined conception in terms of a given medium.
• Length, width, and depth: Visual results of the aesthetic decision making process: the interaction between subject matter, tool, technique, medium, ground, and visual and organizational components of art, and their resulting visual effects.
• The 4th dimension: Time (Space)
• For some, the fourth dimension is spiritual or metaphysical.
• Art movements that convey time in their works: Cubism, Surrealism, and Futurism.
• The ingredients of art are form, subject, and content.
• Form refers to the physical appearance of an artwork, including its shape, size, texture, color, line quality, and composition.
• Content refers to the meaning or message conveyed by the artwork, which can be expressed through various techniques and styles.
• Subject refers to what the artwork represents or depicts, such as people, animals, landscapes, objects, emotions, ideas, or abstract concepts.
• Style refers to the unique approach or technique used by the artist to create the artwork, often influenced by cultural or historical context.
• Perception is a process of constructing meaning through visual experience.
• The human mind automatically creates meaning with stimuli.
• Law of simplicity states that the mind finds the simplest meaning of things to understand what they see.
• Law of parsimony states that the human mind will find the best scientific explanation to arrive at a data’s simplest meaning.
• Projection is the mental process of perceiving meaning even on random and accidents.
• Projected meanings are usually the perceiver’s interpretation of stimulus, influenced by the concepts (paradigms) that already exist in their mind.
• Rorschach test is a psychological test that uses inkblots to know more about a person’s personality.
• Expectation is the process of attaching meaning with things based on their predetermined outcome.
• Composition is the arrangement of elements within the artwork, including balance, contrast, movement, rhythm, unity, and variety.
• Medium is the material or materials used to make the artwork, such as paint, clay, wood, metal, glass, fabric, or digital media.
• Technique refers to the specific methods and processes used to manipulate these materials and achieve desired effects.
• Style refers to the unique way an artist creates and presents their work, often influenced by cultural traditions, personal preferences, and artistic trends.
• Content refers to the meaning or message conveyed by the artwork, which can be interpreted differently depending on the viewer's perspective and cultural background.
• Subject refers to the theme or topic depicted in the artwork, such as people, animals, landscapes, or abstract concepts.
• Balance refers to the visual weight or emphasis given to different parts of an image.
• Contrast refers to the difference between lightness and darkness, color, texture, size, shape, etc., which can create interest and excitement in artworks.
• Movement refers to the directional flow of lines, shapes, colors, and other elements in an artwork.