NRA (National Recovery Administration)

• What did the NRA stand for?

  National Recovery Administration
• When was the NRA set up?

  June 1934
• What was the aim of the NRA?

  To help businesses and manufacturing
• What did Congress pass in June 1934?


  The National Industrial Recovery act which set up the NRA
• What did the NRA do?

  Encouraged employers to have a minimum wage and maximum work
• What were companies allowed if they adhered to good practice?

  A government seal of approval
• How did the NRA policies disadvantage black people?

  They allowed regionally differentiated wage rates and excluded workers in agriculture and domestic industries, where a majority of black Americans worked
• What percentage of black Americans worked in agriculture and domestic industries?

  75%
• How were black Americans disadvantaged even in industries which the NRA covered?

  They often had their jobs redefined so employers could avoid set wage levels
• What did the Supreme Court declare in 1935?


  The NRA unconstitutional
• What act was passed in July 1935?


  The Wagner Act
• What did the Wagner Act do?

  It forced employers to allow unions and bargaining
• what act was passed in 1938?


  The Fair Labour Standards Act
• What did the Fair Labour Standards Act do?

  Fixed the minimum wage at 25 cents per hour and a set a maximum 44 hours of work weekly for workers
• Who was excluded from the Wagner and Fair Labour Standard act so they would be accepted?

  Waiters, cooks, janitors, domestic and farm workers, these workers were mostly black
• How else were black Americans disadvantaged by the Wagner and Fair Labour Standard Act?

  Most unions excluded black workers and the NAACP lobbying failed to convince Congress to include a non-discrimination clause in the Wagner Act
• What was the NRA famous for amongst black Americans?

  For its unfairness towards black Americans
• What did the Fair Labour Standards act result in?

  300,000 workers had an immediate wage increase and 1.3 million had work hours reduced
• What later organisation was set up?

  The Congress of Industrial Organisations
• What did the CIO do?

  It ran anti-racist trainings to facilitate black and white Americans working together
• How many black Americans did the CIO employ?

  200,000