Flogging and whipping as a punishment for disobedience.
Being beaten with sticks or clubs for working too slowly.
Being branded with hot irons.
Being forced to wear heavy iron chains, shackles and iron face muzzles.
Withholding food and water.
Thumbscrews – the victims thumbs are placed in a clamp and slowly crushed.
Imprisonment in brutal jails.
Mutilation - eg cutting off the feet of runaways.
The ultimate punishment was execution (as an example to other enslaved people, eg being burnt alive).
