Selection and Adaptations

• Describe genetic bottleneck

  A event causes a big reduction in a population which reduces the number of alleles in the gene pool. E.g a disease
• Describe the founder effect

  Due to a separation fewer organisms from a population start a colony with a small number of different alleles.
• What are behavioural adaptations?

  The way an organism acts.
• What are physiological adaptations?

  The processes inside an organisms body.
• What are anatomical adaptations?

  The structures on an organisms body.
• What is stabilising selection?

  Individuals with the average phenotype are more likely to survive.
• What is directional selection?

  Individuals with extreme form of the phenotype are more likely to survive.
• What is disruptive selection?

  Individuals with extreme variation such as being very small or very big are the most likely to survive.
• What is gene flow?

  The introduction of new alleles by migration
• What is selection pressure?

  A external factor that influences the reproductive success of a individual