Transmission methods

• What is droplet transmission?

  Transmission through respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes
• How can people protect themselves from tick-borne diseases based on the life cycle information?

  Wear protective clothing, inspect for ticks, and remove ticks promptly
• What are the 5 images shown in the picture?

  • Handshake
  • Mosquito
  • Nuts
  • Glass of water
  • Leaf
• What do the 5 images in the picture represent?

  The 5 images represent different aspects of health and wellness, including:

  • Social interaction
  • Insect-borne diseases
  • Healthy nutrition
  • Hydration
  • Nature/environment
• How does the tick life cycle differ between the spring and fall seasons?

  In spring, eggs and nymphs are present, while in fall, adults are present
• According to the image, what is the virus that infects the host?

  SARS-CoV-2
• What are the four main stages of the tick life cycle shown in the image?

  Eggs, nymph, larva, adult
• According to the image, where does the virus get transmitted to?

  Susceptible host
• What is indirect contact transmission?

  Pathogens spread through fomites
• What is the size of respiratory droplets?

  Over 5 μm
• How can proper hygiene practices help prevent indirect contact transmission?

  By reducing the spread of pathogens through fomites
• What are the three transmission mechanisms shown in the image and their characteristics?

  • Aerosols: <5 µm diameter, >6 feet distance
  • Droplets: >5 µm diameter, <6 feet distance
  • Fomites: Environmental stability
• How can the tick life cycle information be used to prevent tick-borne diseases?

  • Identify high-risk seasons for tick activity
  • Take precautions like wearing protective clothing during those seasons
  • Inspect for ticks after being outdoors
  • Remove ticks promptly to reduce disease transmission
• What is the definition of pathogen transmission methods?

  Ways pathogens can spread from host to host
• In the diagram, what is the source of the SARS-CoV-2 virus?

  Infected host
• Why is the risk of human infection greatest in late spring and summer?

  Because that is when the larval stage of the tick is present
• Do vectors get sick from the pathogens they carry?

  No, vectors do not get sick
• How do the 5 images work together to convey a holistic approach to health and wellness?

  The 5 images cover physical, mental, social, and environmental aspects of health, suggesting a comprehensive approach that addresses multiple dimensions of well-being.
• What is fecal-oral transmission?

  Pathogens from feces contaminate food or water
• According to the image, what is the relationship between fomites and environmental stability?

  Fomites exhibit environmental stability
• According to the image, what is the transmission distance for aerosols?

  Greater than 6 feet
• What are respiratory droplets?

  Particles carrying pathogens from infected persons
• What is direct contact transmission?

  Physical contact like shaking hands or kissing
• According to the image, what is the diameter of droplets?

  Greater than 5 µm
• What is airborne transmission?

  Transmission through small droplets suspended in air
• What does the image primarily illustrate regarding SARS-CoV-2?

  Transmission mechanisms
• What is the relationship between ticks and Lyme disease transmission?

  Ticks act as vectors for Lyme disease
• What are the main methods of pathogen transmission?

  • Direct Contact
  • Indirect Contact
  • Vector Transmission
  • Droplet Transmission
  • Airborne Transmission
  • Fecal-Oral Transmission
• What is fecal-oral transmission?

  Transmission through contaminated food or water
• What are the key characteristics of droplet transmission?

  • Involves respiratory droplets over 5 μm
  • Spreads through coughing, sneezing, or talking
  • Travels less than 6 feet before falling
  • Settles quickly due to gravity
• Why is regular cleaning important in preventing indirect contact transmission?

  It removes pathogens from surfaces and objects
• How does the tick life cycle differ between the earlier spring and later fall seasons?

  • In spring, eggs and nymphs are present
  • In fall, adults are present
  • The risk of human infection is greatest in late spring and summer
• What is maternal-fetal transmission?

  Transmission from mother to baby
• How does the tick life cycle relate to the seasons?

  • Eggs and nymphs appear in spring
  • Larvae appear in summer
  • Adults appear in fall
  • Risk of human infection is greatest in late spring and summer
• What is airborne transmission?

  Transmission via aerosol particles in the air
• What role do vectors play in disease transmission?

  They serve as a transport mechanism for pathogens
• What are the stages of the tick life cycle shown in the image?

  • Eggs
  • Nymph
  • Larva
  • Adult
• How do vectors transmit disease?

  They carry and transmit pathogens between hosts
• How could the 5 images be used to promote a healthy lifestyle?

  • Handshake: Emphasize the importance of social connections for mental health
  • Mosquito: Raise awareness about preventing insect-borne illnesses
  • Nuts: Highlight the benefits of a nutritious diet with healthy snacks
  • Glass of water: Encourage proper hydration
  • Leaf: Connect health to the natural environment and outdoor activities
• What causes respiratory droplets to settle quickly?

  Gravity