3rd Crusade

• What significant events occurred in October 1187?

  Jerusalem and Acre fell to Saladin
• What document was issued by Pope Gregory VIII in October 1187?

  Papal Bull 'Audita tremendi'
• What happened in November 1187?

  Saladin laid siege to Tyre
• When did the siege of Tyre end in 1188?

  January
• Who defended Tyre during Saladin's siege in 1188?

  Conrad of Montferrat and William of Sicily
• What agreement was made between King Henry and Phillip II in early 1188?

  They agreed on a tax to fund the crusade
• What was the outcome of the truce between Phillip and Richard in 1188?

  Phillip persuaded Richard to rebel against his father
• What significant event occurred in March 1188?

  Phillip held a meeting in Paris for tax collection
• Who took the cross in Mainz in March 1188?

  Frederick Barbarossa
• What did Saladin agree to do in the summer of 1188?

  Release prisoners from Hattin
• When did Frederick Barbarossa leave Germany for the crusade?

  May 1189
• What was agreed upon in June 1189 between Frederick and Phillip?

  They agreed to leave for the crusade in February
• What happened shortly after Henry died in July 1189?

  Richard was crowned king of England
• What did Phillip do after Henry's death?

  He took the cross
• What did Guy expect from Conrad regarding Tyre in August 1189?

  Guy expected Conrad to hand over Tyre
• What did Guy begin in Autumn 1189?

  Siege of Acre
• When did Richard and Phillip leave for the crusade?

  April 1190
• What happened to Frederick Barbarossa in June 1190?

  He drowned in a river
• Where did Richard join forces with Phillip in July 1190?

  At Vezelay
• What did Richard do after joining Phillip in Sicily?

  He met English ships in Marseilles
• When did Phillip leave Sicily?

  March 1191
• What happened to Richard's fleet in May 1191?

  It was caught in a storm
• What did Richard do after arriving in Cyprus?

  He demanded the return of prisoners
• What significant event occurred in July 1191?

  Acre fell to the crusaders
• What happened in August 1191?

  Phillip left for France
• What was the outcome of the Battle of Arsuf in September 1191?

  Richard achieved victory
• How close did Richard get to Jerusalem in January 1192?

  19 km
• What happened to Conrad of Montferrat in April 1192?

  He was assassinated in Tyre
• What was Richard's action in May 1192 regarding Jerusalem?

  He retreated after reaching Beit Nuba
• What happened in July 1192?

  Saladin captured Jaffa
• What did Richard do in August 1192?

  He retook Jaffa
• What was the outcome of Saladin's attack on Escalon?

  Richard's army fended them off
• What was signed in September 1192?

  A 3-year truce with Saladin
• What happened to Richard in December 1192?

  He was captured and handed to Duke of Austria
• Who were the prominent figures promoting the Third Crusade in England?

  • Henry II
  • Archbishop Baldwin of Canterbury
  • Peyer of Blois
  • Conrad of Montferrat
• What were the recruitment strategies for the Third Crusade?

  • Henry II's vague promises and financial support
  • Frederick Barbarossa's assembly at Mainz
  • Phillip Augustus's tax exemptions for crusaders
• What was the Saladin Tithe?

  • A 10% tax on moveable goods
  • Crusaders were exempt from paying
  • Funded the costs of the crusade
• What were the internal disputes during the Third Crusade?

  • Conflicts between Frederick and Henry the Lion
  • Rivalry between Richard and Phillip
  • Disputes over the claim to the throne of Jerusalem
• What were the military tactics used during the Third Crusade?

  • Negotiation with local rulers
  • Cavalry charges at Arsuf
  • Strategic retreats and fortifications
• What were the successes of the Third Crusade?

  • Capture of Acre
  • Victory at the Battle of Arsuf
  • Control of the coastline from Jaffa to Tyre