Molecular and cellular biology

    Cards (19)

    • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein synthesis, folding, modification, and transport.
    • Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid metabolism.
    • Protein synthesis occurs on free ribosomes or membrane-bound rough ER.
    • Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis and consist of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.
    • Rough ER has ribosomes attached to its surface and is involved in protein synthesis.
    • Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
    • Golgi apparatus modifies proteins and packages them into vesicles for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
    • Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and damaged organelles.
    • Ribosomes are composed of RNA and proteins.
    • Translation involves the decoding of mRNA by tRNAs carrying amino acids to form polypeptides.
    • Translation involves decoding mRNA to produce polypeptides.
    • Transcription produces an mRNA copy of DNA that can be translated into a protein.
    • mRNA contains three regions: 5' untranslated region (UTR), coding sequence, and 3' UTR.
    • Ribosomes are composed of rRNA and proteins.
    • Mitochondria generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, using oxygen as an electron acceptor.
    • Chloroplasts use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose during photosynthesis.
    • Mitochondria generate ATP through aerobic respiration and have their own DNA and ribosomes.
    • Protein folding occurs within the ER lumen.
    • Mitochondria generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
    See similar decks