A01

• 1. Ethical guidelines were established to protect participants and guide researchers, especially considering the ethical implications and social sensitivity of research.
  2. Ethical implications concern the consequences of psychological research on individuals and society. Some research, such as depression, can significantly impact individual participants, social groups, and social policies. For instance, findings from depression studies might influence treatment recommendations or impact employment opportunities for those diagnosed with depression.
• 3. Socially sensitive research requires careful consideration at all stages, from planning to handling findings. Sieber and Stanley (1988) caution that research questions' phrasing can influence interpretation, as seen in studies comparing homosexual relationships against heterosexual norms. Informed consent, confidentiality, and the risk of psychological harm are critical concerns, particularly in sensitive topics like domestic abuse, where participants may not fully grasp the research's impact. 
• 4. Researchers must anticipate how their findings might be used and consider potential consequences. Sensitive findings can reinforce existing prejudices, such as studies on ethnic bases of intelligence, and often attract media attention.