atomic structure & the periodic table

• What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?

  Protons are positive, neutrons are neutral
• What is the mass of electrons compared to protons and neutrons?

  Electrons have a negligible mass
• What does the top number on the periodic table represent?

  The mass number of the element
• What does the atomic number represent?

  The number of protons in an element
• How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an element?

  Mass number minus atomic number
• What is true about the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom?

  They are equal in number
• What is an isotope?

  Same number of protons, different neutrons
• What is an ion?

  Same number of protons, different electrons
• What distinguishes a compound from a mixture?

  Compounds are chemically bonded, mixtures are not
• How would you describe a mixture using squash and water?

  It is a mixture, not chemically bonded
• What is the purpose of balancing chemical equations?

  To ensure the same number of atoms on both sides
• How do you balance the equation N2 + H2 → NH3?

  Put a 2 in front of NH3 and 3 in front of H2
• What are the main separating methods in chemistry?

  • Evaporation and crystallization
  • Filtration
  • Paper chromatography
  • Simple distillation
  • Fractional distillation
• How does evaporation and crystallization work together?

  Heat solution to evaporate solvent, form crystals
• What is filtration used for?

  To remove insoluble solids from liquids
• How does paper chromatography separate substances?

  Water soaks paper, dragging ink to separate
• What is the difference between simple and fractional distillation?

  Simple separates one liquid, fractional separates mixtures
• What was the Plum Pudding model of the atom?

  A sphere of positive charge with electrons
• What did Rutherford's alpha scattering experiment reveal?

  Atoms have a dense positive nucleus
• What is the nuclear model of the atom?

  Contains a positive nucleus with electron orbits
• What is the electron structure of an atom?

  2 electrons in the inner shell, 8 in others
• What are group one elements known for?

  They are very reactive with one outer electron
• What are halogens?

  Group seven elements like fluorine and chlorine
• What characterizes noble gases?

  Full outer shell, inert, colorless gases
• What are the properties of group one, group seven, and group eight elements?

  • Group one: Very reactive, one outer electron
  • Group seven: Very reactive, seven outer electrons, non-metals
  • Group eight: Inert, full outer shell, colorless gases
• What is the next topic after topic one?

  Bonding structure and properties of matter
• How can viewers interact with the video?

  By leaving questions in the comments