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SCIENCE (foundation)
chemistry paper one
chemical changes
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charlotte
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Cards (25)
What tool is used to measure pH?
Universal indicator
or
pH probe
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What is the pH range for acids?
0 to 6.9
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What color indicates a neutral pH?
Green
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What is a neutral substance?
Pure
water
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What ions do acids form in water?
H+
ions
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How do bases react with acids?
They form a
salt
and water
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What is the difference between an alkali and a base?
An alkali has a
pH
more than 7
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What defines a strong acid or alkali?
They
ionize
completely in water
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What is produced when water reacts with a metal?
Metal
hydroxide
and
hydrogen
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What does an acid and metal reaction produce?
Salt
and
hydrogen
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What are the four types of neutralization reactions?
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water
Acid + Metal Hydroxide → Salt + Water
Acid + Metal Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
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What salts do different acids create?
Sulfuric acid
creates
sulfates
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What is the reactivity series?
Order of
metal
reactivity
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What determines the reactivity of metals?
How easily they
lose electrons
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Which elements are included in the reactivity series?
Potassium
,
sodium
,
lithium
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What does oxidation mean in terms of electrons?
Loss
of electrons
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What does reduction mean in terms of electrons?
Gain
of electrons
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What is a displacement reaction?
Electrons
are transferred between substances
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What happens during electrolysis?
Metal and non-metal
ions
are separated
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What is attracted to the cathode during electrolysis?
Positive metal ions
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What happens to non-metal ions during electrolysis?
They are attracted to the
anode
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What forms at the bottom during electrolysis?
Molten metal layer
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What escapes through the surface during electrolysis?
Non-metals often as
gas
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What is the summary of topic four: chemical changes?
Covers
pH scale
,
acids
, and
bases
Discusses
reactivity series
and
Redux reactions
Explains
electrolysis
and its processes
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What is the next topic after chemical changes?
Energy changes
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