Mumbai

• Railway


  400 000 people per day

  built for 300 000 people during rush hour

  regenerating stations

  platforms = 12 metres wide - avoid overcrowding
• edge of Arabian Sea
• most populated city in India - 21297000 (2023) - 1.6% increase from 2022
• old city used to flood a lot
• new city built by Indians not conquerors
• extract water from clay to make roads
• tidal surges
• reclaimed land
• mega-city, sea level
• new city rarely floods - flood gates
• Regional importance (state)


  states transport hub

  40% of total income in Maharashtra
• national importance (India)


  handles 60% of India's sea trade

  33% of all income tax

  60% of all custom duty from trade

  busiest port and airport in India

  the main Indian stock market

  highest % of internet access in India
• International importance


  biggest cultural industry in Asia - Bollywood

  international companies - Volkswagen, Bank of America, Citigroup

  most globalised city in the South East Asia
• Social opportunities


  excellent public transport - trains carry more passengers per day then anywhere else in the world

  Mumbai has world renowned universities - Literacy rates in the city are high even amongst the most poorest populations

  over 3000 primary and secondary schools - education is free up to certain age groups (even in slums)

  many homes have access to electricity and water
• economic opportunities


  financial capital of India - home to the stock exchange market and many international banks

  Mumbai is home to Bollywood

  2014 - 28 billionaires

  contributes to 40% of India's trade
• social challenges


  around 60% of cities population live in shanty towns

  approximately 1 toilet per 1000 people in the slums

  traffic

  water pipes run close to sewage pipes - leakages are common - contamination - disease

  poor quality houses

  litter

  high unemployment for low skilled workers

  lots of crime
• economic challenges


  corruption in local government and police force

  high rate of unemployment amongst low skill workers

  crime
• environmental challenges


  rubbish is left in the streets - attracts rats which carry diseases

  Poisonous liquids leak into soil - contamination

  water pipes run close to sewage pipes - leakages - contamination - disease

  emissions from factories are not controlled - water and air pollution

  sewage drains into the sea