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biology
the brain
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misheetha
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Cards (229)
What is the brain made up of?
Billions
of interconnected
nerve cells
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What functions does the brain perform?
Holds
thoughts
,
memories
, and complex behaviors
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What does the brain control in terms of behavior?
Choosing clothes, running, and
reading
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What are the main regions of the brain and their functions?
Cerebral cortex
: consciousness, intelligence, memory, language, vision, hearing
Cerebellum
: balance and muscle coordination
Hypothalamus
: regulates body temperature and signals
pituitary gland
Brain stem
: connects brain to spinal cord, controls unconscious activities
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What is the cerebral cortex also known as?
Cerebrum
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How do the hemispheres of the brain function?
Left
controls
right
side muscles, right controls left
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What is the role of the cerebellum?
Controls
balance
and
muscle
coordination
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What does the hypothalamus regulate?
Body temperature and signals to the
pituitary gland
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What connects the brain to the spinal cord?
Brain stem
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What does the medulla control?
Unconscious activities like
breathing
and
heart rate
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What methods do scientists use to study the brain?
Study of
brain damage
Electrical stimulation of
brain regions
Brain scanning techniques (
CT
,
PET
,
MRI
)
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How can studying brain damage help scientists?
It indicates which
regions
control specific
functions
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What happens when a specific brain region is damaged?
It can lead to loss of specific
functions
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What does electrical stimulation of the brain do?
Can cause
muscle contractions
or
visual changes
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What is the purpose of CT scans?
To see which areas of the
brain
are damaged
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How do PET and MRI scans differ from CT scans?
They measure
underlying
brain
activity
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What might happen in an MRI machine when shown sad images?
Specific
brain parts
appear brighter
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Why is treating the brain difficult?
Wide range of issues and
fragile
structure
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What are some issues that can affect the brain?
Tumors
, infections,
trauma
,
mental health problems
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Why is surgery on the brain challenging?
It's encased in the
skull
and fragile
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Why are drugs and chemicals difficult to use for brain treatment?
We don't fully understand
brain processes
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What are the challenges in treating brain conditions?
Wide range of
potential issues
Fragile structure
encased in skull
Complexity and lack of understanding
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What does the brain control?
Complex
behaviour
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What is the brain part of?
Central nervous system
(CNS)
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What can complex behaviour include?
Emotions, memory, and
conscious responses
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What are reflexes?
Unconscious responses not involving the
brain
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How is the brain described in terms of complexity?
It
works
with
incredible
complexity
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How many interconnected neurones does the brain have?
Billions
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What does the cerebral cortex control?
Emotions
, thoughts, personality,
intelligence
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How many hemispheres does the cerebral cortex have?
Two
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What does each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex control?
One side of the
body
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How many areas can the cerebral cortex be split into?
Over
50
different areas
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What is the function of the cerebellum?
Controls
movement
and balance
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What happens without the cerebellum?
Movements would be
erratic
and uncoordinated
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What does the medulla oblongata control?
Unconscious control like heart rate
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What does the medulla produce during exercise?
Adrenaline
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What is the role of the hypothalamus?
Involved in homeostasis
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What does the hypothalamus help maintain?
Body temperature
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What does the pituitary gland produce?
Important hormones
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Which hormones are produced by the pituitary gland?
FSH and LH
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