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• How many pillars are there in the Philippine Criminal Justice System (PCJS)?

  5
• What are the five pillars of the Philippine Criminal Justice System (PCJS)?

  • Law Enforcement
  • Prosecution
  • Court
  • Corrections
  • Community
• What are the two main theories of police service?

  • Home Rule
  • Continental
• According to the Home Rule theory, who are policemen considered as?

  Servants of the community
• According to the Continental theory, who are policemen considered as?

  Servants of higher authority
• In the old concept of police service, what is the yardstick of police efficiency?

  Number of arrests
• What is the role of the police considered to be in the old concept of policing?

  A repressive machinery in crime prevention
• In the modern concept of police service, what is the yardstick of police efficiency?

  Absence of crime
• What is police discretion?

  Wise use of judgement to decide situation
• What could result from the abuse of police discretion?

  Injury to persons or damage to property
• What are some basic concepts that should guide police discretion?

  Common sense, personal experience, sound judgement
• Which pillar of the Criminal Justice System is the Police pillar?

  Law Enforcement
• Which pillar of the CJS is the prime mover?

  Law Enforcement
• Which pillar of the CJS is the frontline?

  Law Enforcement
• Which pillar of the CJS is the initiator?

  Law Enforcement
• Which pillar of the CJS is the first contact of the law violator?

  Law Enforcement
• What is the role of law enforcement regarding suspects?

  Investigates, arrests, prepares evidence
• What agencies are included in the Law Enforcement pillar?

  PNP, NBI, PDEA, Bureau of Customs, etc.
• What Republic Act organized the Philippine National Police?

  RA 6975, as amended by RA 8551, RA 9708
• What are the powers and functions of the PNP?

  • Enforce laws and ordinances, protect lives and properties.
  • Maintain peace and order, ensure public safety.
  • Investigate and prevent crimes, arrest offenders, assist prosecution.
  • Exercise powers to make arrests, search and seizure.
  • Detain arrested person, inform of rights.
  • Issue licenses for firearms and explosives.
  • Supervise and control security agencies.
• What is RA 6975 known as?

  Department of the Interior and Local Government Act
• What is RA 8551 known as?

  PNP Reform and Reorganization Act
• What did RA 9708 extend for the PNP?

  Reglementary period for complying minimum educational qualification
• Under what department is the Philippine National Police?

  DILG
• What body has administrative control and operational supervision over the PNP?

  National Police Commission
• According to the 1987 Philippine Constitution, what character should the police force have?

  National in scope and civilian
• What are the police roles and functions in society?

  • Law Enforcement
  • Crime Prevention
  • Police Patrol
  • Criminal Apprehension
• What laws and ordinances can the PNP enforce?

  Revised Penal Code, special penal laws, ordinances
• What is crime prevention?

  Elimination of the opportunity for commission of crime
• What has patrol been described as for the police department?

  The backbone
• What is the legal term for criminal apprehension?

  Arrest
• What is arrest?

  Taking a person into custody
• What are the modes of arrest?

  • Arrest by virtue of a warrant
  • Arrest without a warrant
• How is an arrest made?

  Actual restraint or submission to custody
• What are the modes of arrest?

  • Arrest by virtue of a warrant
  • Arrest without a warrant
• When can an arrest be made?

  Any day and any time
• What is a warrant of arrest?

  Order to take a person into custody
• Until when does a warrant of arrest remain valid?

  Until the person is arrested/surrendered
• What are the requisites of a valid warrant of arrest?

  • Issued upon probable cause
  • Probable cause determined by the judge
  • Particularly describing the person to be arrested
• How is probable cause determined for the issuance of a warrant of arrest?

  By the judge upon examination of complainant