1.5 Human Genomics

• What can an individual’s personal genome sequence be used to diagnose?

  Diseases to a more personal degree
• How can an individual's genome sequence help in drug treatment?

  By selecting the most effective drugs and dosage
• What is one benefit of sequencing an individual's genome?

  It predicts susceptibility to diseases
• What is pharmacogenetics?

  Use of genome information in drug choice
• How does pharmacogenetics customize medical treatment?

  By determining drug effects based on genetics
• What is the function of coding sequences in the genome?

  Code for amino acid sequences in proteins
• What do non-coding DNA sequences do?

  Do not code for proteins
• What is genomic sequencing?

  Determining the sequence of nucleotide bases
• What is required to compare genomic sequence data?

  Computer and statistical analyses (bioinformatics)
• What is bioinformatics?

  Use of computer technology to identify DNA sequences
• Why is bioinformatics important in genomics?

  It helps interpret massive biological data
• What can an individual’s genome analysis predict?

  Likelihood of developing certain diseases
• What is the basis of personalised medicine?

  It is based on an individual’s genome
• How does understanding genetic components contribute to personalised medicine?

  It helps assess the risk of disease
• What is the entire hereditary information of an organism called?

  Genome
• What makes up less than two percent of the genome?

  Coding sequences (genes)
• What is the role of coding sequences in the genome?

  They code for amino acid sequences in proteins
• What is the role of non-coding DNA sequences?

  They do not code for proteins
• How does genomic sequencing contribute to genetics?

  It determines the sequence of nucleotide bases
• What is necessary for comparing genomic sequence data?

  Computer and statistical analyses
• What is the purpose of bioinformatics?

  To identify DNA base sequences
• Why is bioinformatics crucial in genomics?

  It interprets massive biological data