Factors affecting enzyme action

• What factors affect the functioning of enzymes?

  Temperature and pH
• What does the graph show about enzyme reactions and temperature?

  Rate increases with temperature initially
• Why does the rate of reaction increase with temperature?

  Particles have more kinetic energy to collide
• What happens to the rate of reaction after 37°C?

  It starts to drop rapidly
• Why does the enzyme denature at high temperatures?

  Bonds holding the enzyme break, changing shape
• At what temperature does denaturation occur for the enzyme discussed?

  Around 45°C
• What is the optimum temperature for enzyme activity mentioned?

  37°C
• Do all enzymes have the same optimal temperature?

  No, different enzymes have different optimal temperatures
• What does pH measure?

  Acidity
• How does pH affect enzyme activity?

  High or low pH lowers the rate of reaction
• What happens to the active site when pH changes?

  It changes shape, affecting substrate fit
• What is the optimal pH for most enzymes in the body?

  Around 7 (neutral)
• What is the optimal pH for enzymes in the stomach?

  Around 2
• What are the effects of temperature and pH on enzyme activity?

  • Temperature increases reaction rate until denaturation
  • Denaturation occurs around 45°C
  • Optimal temperature for enzymes is around 37°C
  • pH affects reaction rate; extremes lead to denaturation
  • Optimal pH for most enzymes is around 7
  • Stomach enzymes have an optimal pH of around 2