classification

• The classification systems and explaining the concept of RELIABILITY

  •We should be able to use the same criteria to diagnose the same individual with the same disorder according to the symptoms they display

  •Symptoms can change over time and the cluster of symptoms may be different to

  •If we can’t diagnose the individual with SZ each time and they really have it then misdiagnosis takes place and renders the system as unreliable
• The classification systems and explaining the concept of VALIDITY

  •Someone can be diagnosed as SZ based on the symptoms they show

  •If an individual is diagnosed with it, but doesn’t actually have it or vice versa then a misdiagnosis has taken place

  •If we can’t differentiate between someone who has SZ and not some other disorder, then the diagnosis isn’t valid
• Under DSM-5 Criterion A, schizophrenia requires two or more of the following symptoms to be apparent for a one month period:

  • Hallucinations
  • Delusions
  • Disorganised Speech
  • Grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviour
  • Negative symptoms
• Under Criterion B:

  • Social/Occupational dysfunction: For a significant portion of time one or more major areas of functioning such as work, relationships or self-care or markedly lower than the level prior to onset.
  • Criterion C) Duration: Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least a 6 month period.
  • Criterion D) Exclusion of mood disorders with no major episodes of depression or elation have occurred concurrently with thepsychotic symptoms.
  • Criterion E) Exclusion of known organic causes: the disturbance is not due to the direct effects of drugs or a brain disorder