polymers

• Polymers


  Large molecules made from repeating units.
• Crude Oil

  Finite resource used to produce plastics.
• Non-biodegradable


  Substances that microorganisms cannot break down.
• Landfill Sites


  Areas where waste is dumped and buried.
• Recycling


  Process of converting waste into reusable material.
• Combustion


  Burning waste to generate energy.
• Greenhouse Gases


  Gases contributing to global warming.
• Toxic Gases


  Harmful gases released during burning.
• PVC


  Polyvinyl chloride, a common plastic polymer.
• HCl


  Hydrochloric acid, a toxic byproduct of PVC combustion.
• Plastic Waste


  Discarded plastic materials that pose environmental risks.
• Energy Generation


  Producing electricity from burning waste.
• Environmental Impact


  Effects of human activities on nature.
• Plastic Packaging


  Materials used to protect goods during shipping.
• Job Creation


  Employment opportunities generated by recycling industries.
• Cost of Crude Oil

  Price increases due to resource depletion.
• Land Use


  Valuable land occupied by landfill sites.
• Recycling Challenges


  Difficulties in sorting and processing plastics.
• Finite Recycling


  Limited number of times polymers can be recycled.
• Quality Reduction


  Decreased quality of recycled polymer products.
• Water and Energy Use


  Resources consumed in plastic production.
• Plastic Bottles


  Common single-use items contributing to waste.
• Environmental Awareness


  Understanding the impact of waste on nature.
• Plastic Cars


  Vehicles made from recycled plastic materials.
• Waste Management


  Strategies for handling and disposing of waste.
• Plastic Production


  Manufacturing process of creating plastic items.
• Dilemma of Oil Use

  Challenges in prioritizing oil resources.
• Emissions Control


  Regulating gases released during combustion.
• What are polyesters formed from?

  Carboxylic acid and alcohol monomers
• What type of polymers are polyesters classified as?

  Condensation polymers
• What is produced during the formation of polyesters? (condensation polymerisation)

  Water molecules
• What is the process of polyester formation? (condensation polymerisation)

  • Reaction of carboxylic acid monomers with alcohol monomers
  • Water molecules are produced during the reaction