Halogen Derivatives

• Haloalkanes or alkyl halides is a halogen atom bonded to a sp3 hybridized carbon atom which is part of saturated carbon skeleton.
• Allylic halide is a halogen atom bonded to a sp3 hybridized carbon atom next to a carbon-carbon double bond.
• Benzylic halide is a halogen atom bonded to a sp3 hybridized carbon atom which is further bonded to an aromatic ring.
• Vinylic halide is a halogen atom bonded to a sp2 hybridized carbon atom of aliphatic chain.
• Haloalkyne is a halogen atom bonded to a sp hybridized carbon atom.
• The bigger the radius of halogen the longer the bond length.
• The longer the bond length, the bond strength decreases.
• Bigger radius size of halogen means higher boiling point.
• More number of carbon atoms means higher boiling point.
• More branching means lower boiling point because of the decrease in the surface area.
• Alkyl halides and aryl halides are insoluble in water and are soluble in non-polar organic solvents.