21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World

• Used to refer to the total of the world's national literature and the circulation of works into the wider world beyond their country of origin.

  World Literature
• A term coined by a German novelist and poet. 


  Weltliteratur
• The German novelist and poet who coined "weltliteratur."


  Johan Wolfgang von Goethe
• Some continents and their literature

  1. Asian
  2. Anglo-American
  3. Latin-American
  4. European
  5. African
• Longest epic in the world.

  The Mahabharata
• It has over 200,000 verse lines and 1.8 million words. 


  The Mahabharata
• It is believed that the longest epic in the world took 600 years to write. 


  The Mahabharata
• The oldest surviving piece of text is believed to be dated from 400 BCE.
• What is the oldest religion in the world?

  Hinduism
• Many practitioners refer to Hinduism as Sañatana Dharma.
• 12 Literary works that have influenced the world.

  1. The Bible or the Sacred Writings
  2. Koran
  3. The Iliad and the Odyssey
  4. The Mahabharata
  5. Canterbury Tale
  6. Uncle Tom's Cabin
  7. Divine Comedy
  8. El Cid Compeador
  9. Songs of Roland
  10. Book of the Dead
  11. Books of the Days
  12. Tales of the Arabian Nights
• The basis of Christianity originated in Palestine and Greece. 


  The Bible or the Sacred Writings
• The Muslim bible originating from Arabia. 


  Koran
• Who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey?

  Homer
• Sources of Myths and Legends of Greece

  The Iliad and the Odyssey
• The longest epic in the world that contains the history of religion in India.

  The Mahabharata
• It depicts the religion and customs of English in the early days.

  Canterbury Tales
• This book originated in England and was written by Geoffrey Chaucer.

  Canterbury Tales
• Depicted the sad fate of slaves and became the basis of democracy.

  Uncle Tom's Cabin
• Who is the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin?

  Harriet Beecher Stowe of US
• The book that showed the religion and customs of the early Italians.

  Divine Comedy
• Who is the author of The Divine Comedy?

  Dante Aliegheri
• It shows the cultural characteristics of the Spaniards and their national history.

  El Cid Compeador
• Includes Dos Pares and Roncesvalles in France.

  Songs of Roland
• It tells about the Golden Age of France.


  Songs of Roland
• Includes the cult of Osiris and the Mythology and Theology of Egypt.

  Book of the Dead
• Written by Confucius of China. 


  The Book of Days
• Shows the ways of government of industries and the society of the Arabs and Persians.

  One Thousand and One Nights or Arabian Nights
• Literature, in the West, originated in the southern Mesopotamia region of Sumer in the city of Uruk and flourished in Egypt, later in Greece.
• The first author in the world, and was the high-priestess of Ur.

  Enheduanna (2285-2250 BCE)
• Wrote hymns in praise of the Sumerian goddess Inanna. 


  Enheduanna
• Humans became the main characters in the poem "Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta and Lugalbanda and Mount Hurrum."
• One of the earliest known literary works in Sumerian/Babylonian, which deals with themes of heroism, pride, nationality, and others.

  The Epic of Gilgamish
• The longest epic in Old English

  Beowulf
• 1. Enheduanna (2285-2250)
  2. Old English Literature (600-1100)
  3. Middle English Literature (1100-1500)
  4. Elizabethan Literature (1558 - 1603)
  5. Romantic Period (1880-1837)
  6. The Victorian Period (1837-1900)
  7. The 19th Century
  8. The 20th Century
• Father of English Literature

  Geoffrey Chaucer
• The golden age of English literature

  Elizabethan Literature
• The "Bard of Avon"


  William Shakespeare
• The golden age of lyric poetry

  Romantic period
• The Rise of Novel

  The Victorian Period