1.1- Compare criminal behaviour and deviance

• What is the social definition of crime?

  An act defined as a crime by society
• What are the consequences of crimes in society?

  Detrimental effects on the community
• How do cultural differences affect perceptions of crime?

  Some acts are crimes in some countries
• What is the legal definition of crime?

  Behaviour that breaks the law and is punished
• What are the two elements required for a crime?

  Actus Reus and Mens Rea
• What is a caution in terms of non-court sanctions?

  A warning for minor crimes by police
• What is a conditional caution?

  A caution with agreed rules and restrictions
• What is a penalty notice for disorder?

  A fine for minor offences
• What is a custodial sentence?

  Immediate imprisonment for a crime
• What are community sentences?

  Sentences involving unpaid work and probation
• What are fines in terms of court sanctions?

  Financial penalties for offences
• What is a conditional discharge?

  No penalty if no reoffending occurs
• What is an absolute discharge?

  No penalty despite being guilty
• What are the types of criminal acts mentioned?

  Fatal, non-fatal, property, sexual, public order, drug offences
• What is deviance?

  Behaviour against dominant social norms
• What is admired behaviour in terms of deviance?

  Deviant but considered good or admirable
• What is odd behaviour in terms of deviance?

  Deviant by being odd or different
• What is bad behaviour in terms of deviance?

  Deviant because it is bad
• How do norms vary across cultures?

  Expected behaviour can differ by culture
• What are moral codes?

  Good ways of behaving in society
• What are values in a cultural context?

  Rules shared by most people in a culture
• What are informal sanctions?

  Social reactions like frowning or name-calling
• What are formal sanctions?

  Official penalties like suspension or warnings
• What are the differences between deviant and criminal acts?

  • Deviant acts go against social norms
  • Criminal acts break the law
  • Some acts can be both deviant and criminal
• What are the negative sanctions against criminals compared to those against deviants?

  Criminals face legal penalties; deviants face social disapproval