Bio energetics

Cards (29)

  • In order for a plant to grow and survive it has to carry out photosynthesis
  • Photosynthesis
     the process by which plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose
  • Photosynthesis word equation
    carbon dioxide + water ---(with light energy)---> glucose + oxygen
  • Photosynthesis symbol equation
    6CO2 + 6H2OC6H12O6 + 6O2
  • Body mass index= Weight(kg)/height(m2)
  • Factors affecting metabolism
    • Age
    • Sex
    • Body size/weight
    • Stress
    • Pregnancy
  • Catabolism
    the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy
  • Anabolism
    the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy
  • Metabolism
    the chemical reactions in the body's cells that change food into energy.
  • metabolism=anabolism + catabolism
  • Aerobic Respiration
    the process of cellular respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen gas to produce energy from food.
  • Anaerobic Respiration
    a type of cellular respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
  • lactic acid + oxygen---->glucose
  • Lactic Acid
    • is poisonous to muscles
    • it stops them contracting and relaxing
    • they become fatigued
  • Red blood cells contain haemoglobin.
  • transpiration
    occurs when plants take up liquid water from the soil and release water vapor into the air from their leaves.
  • Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction.
  • Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast.
  • Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
    • Carbon Dioxide Concentration
    • Temperature
    • Chlorophyll Concentration
    • Light Intensity
  • High chlorophyll concentration gives a high rate of photosynthesis.
  • Increasing the temperature increases the rate of photosynthesis
  • If the temperature is increased to above 45 degrees, the enzyme denatures and the reaction stops
  • Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose.
  • Metabolic Reactions:
    • Converting Glucose
    • Breaking down excess proteins
    • Making lipids
    • Making amino acids
  • Glucose molecules can be joined together to produce starch (in plants).
  • Homeostasis
    Self-regulating process by which a living organism can maintain internal stability while adjusting to changing external conditions.
  • Increase the rate of respiration
    • Increase breathing rate
    • Increased heart rate
    • Increase in breath volume
    • Blood vessels dilate
  • Oxygen debt
    Refers to the extra oxygen that is need after exercise to oxidise lactic acid and get it out of cells.
  • Repaying the debt
    Blood transports the lactic acid to the liver, where it reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.