explaining class difference

• What is cultural deprivation?

  A lack of cultural equipment for success
• What did the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (2007) find about children from disadvantaged backgrounds?

  They are up to one year behind by age three
• What do cultural deprivation theorists argue about primary socialisation?

  It provides basic values and skills for success
• What do cultural deprivation theorists claim about working-class families?

  They fail to socialise their children adequately
• What is a criticism of cultural deprivation theory?

  It blames working-class children for underachievement
• Who criticized the assumptions of cultural deprivation policies?

  Louise Archer et al (2010)
• What do Archer et al argue about the assumptions of working-class underachievement?

  They wrongly assume low aspirations and dysfunctional families
• What are the key criticisms of cultural deprivation theory?

  • Victim-blaming approach
  • Ignores external factors like poverty
  • Assumes deficiencies in working-class families