geography ⋆˙⟡♡

• urban growth- the growth of a city or town due to an increase in population
• urban sprawl- the growth of urban areas into the surrounding countryside
• natural increase- birth rate is higher then death rate
• rural to urban migration leads to urban growth
• rio - 22 south and 43 west
• rio- 2014 world cup and 2016 olympics
• rio- 5 ports 3 airports 6% of brazils transpory
• rio- banking insurance carnival beaches tourist attractions
• only 55% of rio have access to a local clinic in rio
• after the age of 14 school is not compulsory so 50% drop out and go into crime or are forced to work for their families
• rio health issue- home visits and free health kits
• schools of tomorrow program- practical based courses for all ages and free child care
• only 2 schools for 100,000 people in rochina and there is 8 schools for 50,000 people in lebian
• 12% of rio didn't have access to water and %37 was lost through leaky pipes and illegal access
• rio- 7 plant treatments built and 95% people had access to water by 2014
• the richer parts of rio take up all the energy leaving poorer parts with none. they tap into the main supply illegally causing regular blackouts
• simplicio hydro electric complex rio- it cost 2 bill to make and took 6 years but increased electricity by 30%
• economic development- increase of employment and higher payed wages
• recession- a period of economic decline, usually caused by a fall in demand or a fall in the value of the currency
• 60% of rio is informal employment ( cash no security not taxed eg cold drink sellers by the beach)
• 2015 recession in rio lead to lack of employment
• most poor people go into crime as it pays better than most formal and informal employment
• powerful gangs dominate and control most favellas
• in 2013 the pacifying police took back possession from gangs in more then 30 favellas.
• most favellas are built on steep slopes due to government not wanting to build there as it is difficult making it difficult for waste lorries to access
• it is safer to travel by car due to high crime rates in rio therefore the traffic becomes slow causing traffic congestion.
• traffic congestion in rio- expansion of the metro system making new toll roads and making coast roads a one way system during rush hours.
• all 55 rivers flowing into the bay in rio are polluted
• open sewers makes water pollution very bad in rio
• 200 tonnes of raw sewage is dumped into the bay every day
• ships empty their tanks into the bay as there is no proper way to dispose of the fuel. they are now fined for doing so illegally
• 12 new sewage works since 2004 in rio
• 5km of sewage pipes installed around badly polluted areas
• 300km of new pipes built - water social issue rio
• social deprivation- limited access to society's resources, opportunities, and services
• issues of the growth of favellas in rio- construction, diseases, crime
• the favella Bairro project- murals, cable cars, streets tidied up, new sewage carrels, football pitches..
• bristol- city and rovers and rugby union team
• bristol cabot circus has over 250 apartments and cost 500 million to build
• bristol habour side- 300,000 spectators