Ac 1.3

• Who proposed the crime control model of criminal justice?

  Herbert Packer
• What is the primary function of the crime control model?

  Repression of crime in a free society
• How does the crime control model view the rights of victims?

  Victims' rights should be prioritized over defendants'
• What does the crime control model suggest about police powers?

  Police powers should be expanded for efficiency
• How is the criminal justice system compared to an assembly line in the crime control model?

  It should move cases swiftly from arrest to conviction
• What is the presumption of guilt in the crime control model?

  The accused should be presumed guilty
• What was the significance of David Morris's case in relation to bad character evidence?

  Previous convictions were allowed to influence the jury
• What does the term 'presumption of guilt' imply in criminal justice?

  It implies the accused is considered guilty until proven innocent
• What is the fundamental function of the due process model?

  Fundamental fairness in criminal justice
• What does PACE 1984 provide for defendants?

  Protection of defendants' rights to avoid miscarriages of justice
• How does the due process model view police powers?

  Police powers should be limited to prevent oppression
• What is the aim of labelling theory in criminal justice?

  To stop agencies from oppressing individuals
• How does left realism view the relationship between policing and marginalized groups?

  Oppressive policing triggers confrontation with marginalized groups
• What does left realism argue about crime in a capitalist society?

  It creates inequalities that contribute to crime
• What was the outcome of Sion Jenkins's case?

  He was recorded as not guilty after retrials
• What does the right to appeal signify in Jenkins's case?

  It protects defendants' rights in the justice system
• What are the key features of the crime control model?

  • Repression of crime as a priority
  • Vindication of victims' rights
  • Expansion of police powers
  • Swift movement of cases like an assembly line
  • Presumption of guilt for the accused
• What are the key features of the due process model?

  • Fundamental fairness as a priority
  • Protection of defendants' rights
  • Limitation of police powers
  • Prevention of miscarriages of justice
• What are the main theories linked to the models of criminal justice?

  • Right realism: Conservative approach, favors police powers
  • Functionalism: Punishment enforces moral boundaries
  • Labelling theory: Aims to stop oppression by agencies
  • Left realism: Focuses on inequalities in capitalist society