Sci p2

• Is a fossil made from resin (a chemical from trees and animals).

  Amber
• _ comes from the Greek word elektron, which means amber.

  Electricity
• is defined as the flow of energy as an electrical charge. 

  Electricity
• It is created when electrons move along a conductor. 

  Electricity
• What are the two types of electric charges?

  Positive and negative
• An electrically charged object that contains more protons after losing its electrons is said to be _?

  Positively charged
• An object that contains fewer protons after gaining electrons is said to be _?

  Negatively Charged
• One of the early experiments that studied the nature of electricity was carried out by _ (1706-1790) by flying a _ in the middle of a thunderstorms.

  Benjamin Franklin & Kite
• Benjamin also noticed that as a lightning bolt struck the kite, the fibers of the kite string reacted and stood at the end as a spark jumped from the metal key to the ground. This experiment led to his invention of the _?

  Lightning Rod
• Two types of electricity?

  Current and Static
• Is the movement of electric charge through an electric field placed in wires and other conductors.

  Current electricity
• This is where the electric charge does not move, causing an imbalance of charge on a material surface.

  Static electricity
• A charged object is surrounded by an electric field represented by?

  Electric Field Lines
• Positive + Positive

  Repulsion
• Positive + Negative

  Attraction
• Negative + Negative

  Repulsion
• Electric charge is measured in?

  Coulombs
• Coulombs was named after _, a French physicist who worked on static electricity at about the same time as Benjamin Franklin. 

  Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
• is a phenomenon wherein an object is attracted by another object without the presence of any contact.

  Magnetism
• This usually happens to metals like iron, nickel, cobalt, some alloys of rare-earth metals, and some naturally occurring minerals such as lodestone.

  Magnetism
• is an object that displays magnetic properties. It has two magnetic poles, the north and the south pole. 

  Magnet
• There are two kinds of magnets - permanent magnets and temporary magnets.
• Typically consist of iron, nickel and other earth alloys that make up hard magnets. Once these materials are magnetized, they tend to maintain their magnetism for long periods of time. 

  Permanent Magnet
• Consist of materials such as annealed iron. 

  Temporary Magnet
• Is a region around a magnet that causes a magnetic force.

  Magnetic Field
• Like an electric field, the magnetic field around an object is represented by ?

  Field lines
• discovered the connection between the magnetic field and the electric current.

  Andre-Marie Ampere
• He discovered that the direction of the magnetic field is determined by the direction of the current and developed a quantitative relationship for the strength of a magnetic field in relation to the electric current. This relationship is known as?

  Ampere's Law
• In 1820, _ discovered the relationship between electricity and magnetism.

  Hans Christian Oersted
• _’s experiment demonstrates the magnetic effect of current as the electric current flows through a conductor.
• Oersted's Experiment Setup is composed of?

  Compass Needle & Current-carrying wire
• _ hypothesized that a current–carrying wire could produce a magnetic field which can be observed through the deflection of the compass needle.

  Hans Christian Oersted
• Another scientist who showed the relationship between electricity and magnetism is?

  Michael Faraday
• In 1831, Faraday set up a magnet and a solenoid connected to a galvanometer
• Faraday observed that when the magnet is moving in and out of the solenoid, the galvanometer deflects.
• When the north pole of the magnet enters the solenoid, the galvanometer deflects to the right. 
• When the south pole of the magnet enters the solenoid, the galvanometer deflects to the left. 
• When the magnet is stationary, he observed no deflection on the galvanometer.
• Faraday concluded that a changing magnetic field can induce an electric field which is now known as?

  electromagnetic induction
• Is basically the process of generating electricity from the motion of magnets

  Electromagnetic Induction