Cell organisation B1-4

Cards (30)

  • Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes) - transport oxygen around body
  • Plasma - liquid part
  • White Blood cells (leukocytes) - fight infection
  • Platelets - form clots to stop bleeding
  • Hemoglobin is the protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells.
  • Ateries are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. They have a thick muscular wall and are surrounded by a layer of fat.
  • Capillaries are tiny blood vessels where gas exchange occurs between the bloodstream and tissues.
  • Veins are blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
  • The circulatory system consists of the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood.
  • vena cava - carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
  • Aorta takes blood from the heart to the body and the rest of the body
  • Pulmonary: relating to the lungs
  • coronary heart disease is a condition where the coronary arteries become blocked with fatty material
  • Stents are used to keep the arteries open and prevent atheroma build up
  • Statins reduce cholesterol levels but are a pill you need to take forever
  • Electron microscopes are used to look at subcellular structures . There large , expensive and need to be kept in special conditions
  • Light microscopes are used in schools and can be used to look at live organisms, there light and cheap
  • Parts of an animal cell
    Ribosomes
    cell membrane
    mitochondria
    cytoplasm
    nucleus
  • Parts of a plant cell
    Cell membrane
    ribosomes
    cell wall
    mitochondria
    cytoplasm
    vacuole
    chloroplast
    nucleus
  • Eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane , cytoplasm and have DNA stored in a nuclues
  • Examples of a eukaryotic cell
    Plant cell
    animal cell
    fungi
    protists
  • Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm , cell membrane and a cell wall but there DNA isn’t in a nucelus it forms loops of DNA
  • Parts of a Bacteria cell
    Cell membrane
    genetic material
    cytoplasm
    slime capsule
    cell wall plasmids
    flagella
  • Parts of a nerve cell
    Nucleus
    axon
    dentrites
    myelin sheath
    axon terminals
  • What do the parts of the nerve cell do
    Dendrites - make connections to other nerve cells
    axons - carry impulses
    axon terminal - passes impulses to other neves
    myelin sheath - insulation
  • Parts of the muscle cell and what they do
    Nucleus - controls what goes in and out
    special proteins - contract and relax
    mitochondria - energy
  • Sperm cell parts and uses.
    Long tail - for movement
    middle section - full of mitochondria
    acrosome - digestive enzyme to break down egg
    larhe nucleus-half DNA
  • Root hair cell parts and uses
    Increase surface area - so water can move into cell
    large vacuole - speeds up movement of water by osmosis
    mitochondria - transfers energy need for active transport of minerals
  • xylem cell parts and uses
    Dead tubes - allow water and minerals to move through them
    spirals of lignin - make xylem string and withstand pressure
  • Phloem cell parts and there uses
    Alive cells - transport tissue that carries the food made my photosynthesis
    cell wall - helps movement of food
    companion cells - transfers energetic to the cell to keep it alive